Political Philosophy Is Utilitarianism the Best Way to...

Utilitarianism states that the moral worth of an act is completely determined by its practicality in reducing negative service and exploiting utility as summed in every sentient being. The utility principle states that an act is right if it produces more pleasure of all people affected by and immoral if it doesnt. It is founded on the idea that happiness and pleasure are naturally treasured and suffering and pain are not, and that all else has value if it is generating pleasure and inhibiting happiness. In his article Marx on Utilitarianism, Ronald West states, â€Å"There are several systems of Utilitarianism, each looking to overcome the flaws within it. For example, the meaning of â€Å"the totality of human pleasure,† even when defined following Mill in terms of the maximum price someone would be ready to pay for something, is problematical. If the total mass of utility is increased while its ownership is concentrated in fewer hands, can this be deemed to be right?† (West, 3) Utilitarianism is the best means of fighting discrimination because it helps support equality through equal observation of interests and rebuke every random otherness as a person being worthy of another affection and kindness. Utilitarianism discards racism, sexism, and any other form of discrimination. This doesn’t say that utilitarianism denies that people have their differences and will sometimes be in conflict, it directs ones attention to that there is no reasonably resounding reason for thinking thatShow MoreRelatedBusiness Ethics: Child Labor in Wal-Mart8552 Words   |  35 PagesPart A: Introduction There are several ways to define ethics. Ethic is a set of principles of right and wrong behavior guiding. Ethical person will behave in accordance with sound moral principles based on fairness, justice and trust (Wiley, 1995). The purpose of ethic is to provide an environment that allows people to live a more structured, happy life than would exist without ethics (Warnock, 1971). Business ethic is examination of variety of problems that can arise from business environmentRead MoreThe Moral Codes Of Conduct Essay3481 Words   |  14 Pagessense of morality, the differentiation of intentions, decisions and actions that are determined to be either proper (moral) or improper (immoral) (Morality, 2016). These moral codes or codes of conduct are derived by a person or group’s particular philosophy, religion or culture. It can also be a set of principles that a person or group believes should be universal. (Morality, 2016). Companies (as well as individuals) face the ethical challenge of how to engage and manage behavior that is deemed ethical;Read MorePunjabi9291 Words   |  38 PagesColonialism 19.3.2 Gandhi, Moderates and British Colonialism 19.3.3 Gandhi on Swaraj 19.4 Gandhis Critique of Modern Civilisation 19.4.1 Western Influences on Gandhi 19.4.2 Meaning of True Civilisation 19.4.3 Critique of Modern Civilisation 19.5 Political, Economic and Moral Dimensions of Swaraj: More Detail 19.5.1 19.5.2 19.5.3 19.5.4 19.5.5 Definition and Meaning Swaraj or Participatory Democracy Swaraj and Freedom Purna Swaraj Purna Swaraj: The Economic Dimension 19.6 19.7 Gandhis Revised ViewsRead MoreEthical Decision Making and Behavior13474 Words   |  54 PagesPinto automobile (see Chapter 2) because members saw no problem with saving money rather than human lives. Wal-Mart was slow to respond to concerns raised by employees, labor groups, environmentalists, and others about wage violations, sexual discrimination, poor environmental practices, and other issues.3 Many students, focused on finishing their degrees, see no problem with cheating. (You can test your ethical sensitivity by completing the â€Å"Self-Assessment: Moral Sensitivity Scenarios.†) AccordingRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pageschallenges for international management reflect this dynamism and the increasing unpredictability of global economic and political events. Continued growth of the emerging markets is reshaping the global balance of economic power. Many emerging markets continued to experience growth during a period in which developed count ries saw their economies stagnate or decline. The global political environment remains volatile and uncertain, with ongoing conflicts in the Middle East and Africa and continuing tensionsRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesupdated: April 26, 2016 Logical Reasoning Bradley H. Dowden Philosophy Department California State University Sacramento Sacramento, CA 95819 USA ii iii Preface Copyright  © 2011-14 by Bradley H. Dowden This book Logical Reasoning by Bradley H. Dowden is licensed under a Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. That is, you are free to share, copy, distribute, store, and transmit all or any part of the work under the following conditions:Read MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesAllocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455 Entrepreneurial Budgeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455 Allocation Decision Accountability Performance (ADAP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456 Contents xv Best, Optimistic, and Pessimistic (BOP) . . . . . . . . . . . . 456 Responsibility Center Budgeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456 Bracket Budgeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457 Software Applications . . . . . . . Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. 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The Impact Of Rastafari On The Culture Through The Voices...

Chaneil Hall Professor Edmondson Independent Study: The Impact of Rastafari May 13, 2015 Reggae as a Means of Social Transformation Through The Voices of the Rastafari Jamaica, the third largest Caribbean island is not only home to tropical weather and picturesque landscapes, but also to social unrest and perhaps some of the most rebellious people. Since its existence, this nation has seen a series of revolutions and riots in efforts to reverse the unjust social, economic, and political conditions. The most influential of these revolutionary efforts contributed to the formation of Jamaica’s very own religious movement, Rastafarianism. With oppression serving as one of the driving forces for the Rastafari Movement, it is understandable why its followers are so adamant about professing their ideologies, beliefs and practices. The central language used to express the grievances of Rastafarians is known globally as the music genre, Reggae. It is not merely coincidental that the country pregnant with such radical motives also gave birth to its own music brand. By examining the music of artists such as Bob Marley, Dennis Brown, Luciano and more, w e can deduce that Reggae music served and continues to serve as the most prominent vehicle for the spread of Rastafarianism. The Rastafari Movement emerged in Jamaica in the 1930s out of desires to defeat the crippling British colonial culture and to establish an identity based on the reclamation of African heritage. The men credited forShow MoreRelatedThe People Believe About Rastafarians2044 Words   |  9 Pagessmokers and Jamaican lingo talkers are in the make beliefs of the Rastafarians. Clearly those exterior references only create a more confusing understanding of Rastafarians. For anyone to call themselves Rasta, one must know everything about their culture. Unlike other religions where all one has to do is accept whatever that religion says without study, one must study the doctrine, the diet, the laws and the strict codes that obey to the Rasta faith. It is seen as a way of life rather than just anotherRead MoreChattel Slavery1359 Words   |  6 Pagesmusic (Africans had the drum - representing the voice of their gods - banned by laws, some of which remain on the statute book in Barbados to thi s day). This highlights the all-important difference between indentureship and slavery: The heart of slavery was not the horrible labour conditions. If that were so, slavery and indentureship might be comparable. The heart of slavery was the stealing of the African s soul - his language (the eyes through which one sees the world), his gods, his family,Read MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 PagesRastafari This page intentionally left blank Rastafari From Outcasts to Culture Bearers Ennis Barrington Edmonds 2003 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford It furthers the Universitys objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata KualaRead MoreThe Great Bob Marley1537 Words   |  7 Pagespeople would say one name, Bob Marley. Robert Nesta Marley, commonly known as Bob Marley, is undoubtedly the most famous reggae artist of all time. Additionally, he is responsible for bringing reggae to the masses, and he did this through his unique style, raspy voice, guitar playing and drumming. Bob Marley is known around the world for not only his music, but also his greater message of peace. Furthermore, Marley became a cultural icon, as he encouraged others to rebel against racism and violenceRead MoreBob Marley’s Spiritual Rhetoric, the Spread of Jamaican Culture and Rastafarianism6348 Words   |  26 PagesRhetoric, the Spread of Jamaican Culture and Rastafarianism By Mark Haner Senior Seminar: Hst 499 Professor John L. Rector Western Oregon University June 16, 2007 Readers Professor John L. Rector Professor Kimberly Jensen Copyright  © Mark Haner, 2007 The spread of Jamaican culture and Rastafarianism can be accredited to many events and technical advances in communication. Bob Marley is one of the main influences the spread of Jamaican culture and Rastafarianism due to the lyricalRead MoreThe Cultural and Human Elements of the Great Bob Marley’s Music1054 Words   |  5 Pagessufferers everywhere. As Bob Marley was quoted in ‘Catch a Fire’ saying â€Å"Facts an’ facts, an’ t’ings an’ t’ings: dem’s all a lotta fockin’ bullshit. Hear me! Dere is no truth, an’ that is de truth of Jah Rastafari.† This is an example of one of the cultural and human elements of religion that had an impact on his music. Macias 2 The struggles of the urbanRead MoreBob Marley And The Wailers1654 Words   |  7 PagesRastas). Rastafari and Jamaican independence was resistant to colonial forces and ideologies, although simultaneously, it embraced certain practices left behind from colonial presence. Rastafarianism pushed back against the British, social inequality, and unemployment. This opposition against the source of oppression led to a sense of local empowerment to combat British colonial inequality. Rastafarian symbols such as dreadlocks had a deeper meaning; dreadlocks were an oppositional culture to WesternRead MoreEssay on The End of Oppression for Jamaican Women5572 Words   |  23 Pages Women have been oppressed in many places and in many different ways over the years, but in Jamaica this continuing trend is finally to be broken. Sexual or gender inequality represents as essential and integral feature of social relations and culture construction in Jamaica, where for the past four hundred years colonial and imperialist exploitation has governed the development of economic, political, and sociocultural patterns and structures.(Harrison: Women in Jamaicas Urban Informal EconomyRead MoreThe True Beauty Of Music1430 Words   |  6 Pageshorrific living conditions they still suffered post-independence. Therefore, they decided to fight for their rights to speak and voice an opinion. In the Anglo-Caribbean region, music played a major part in people’s lives. The Caribbean people turned to Black Nationalism and began practicing their own spiritual beliefs and voicing their opinions to send a message through their songs and music. â€Å"Nations in Latin America were beginning a process of rapid urbanization. Cultural nationalism was widespreadRead MoreBob Marleys Life and Times: A Critical Analysis1526 Words   |  6 Pagesthe world a visitor can hear Marleys reggae music, or see people wearing T-shirts with his image on the front, or otherwise come into contact with Marleys legacy. He is truly a cultural icon, and during his life and even afterward, he has made an impact on society. In this paper his life and times and his influence on society will be reviewed and critiqued. Bob Marleys Biography According to the Encyclopedia of World Biography (EWB) Marley was born February 6, 1945, in Rhoden Hall, Jamaica in

The Influence of Movie Genre on Audience Reaction to...

The Influence of Movie Genre on Audience Reaction to Product Placement: The use of brand placements is quite evident in movies today. The success of some brands reporting a phenomenal sales increase may be partly dependent on the type of movie in which the brand is placed. Employing 200 university students, this paper examined the effects of movie genre on brand placement. Students completed a questionnaire after watching and evaluating one 30-minute movie clip categorized by genre—comedy, drama, and science fiction. The study compared the effects of genre on brand recall, brand liking, and consumers reactions toward brand placement. Central to the practice of using brand placement in movies is the belief that the humor found in a comedy†¦show more content†¦The results suggest that an implicit message, disguised source’s preference, is likely to be conveyed in covert marketing and thus results in high a deceptive tendency. An Analytical Study On Covert Advertising: (Singh, 2013) Talked about how effective and successful product placement actually is in Bollywood films. The study aims to discuss factors such as the nature of Bollywood cinema, and how effectively product placement fit’s in within the Indian entertainment industry also it examines its nature and scope and the issues related to it. Media planners and brand marketers are looking for alternative media vehicles to reach at customers with a distinct message so that the memorability of the message and hence the brand name increases. This is a growing trend in Indian films for various reasons. Product placement is a strong brand-building tool for the changing media landscape that furthers existing marketing objectives. It is a cost effective means of gaining global media exposure with unlimited viewer impressions also it is a unique way to familiarize consumer with brand and product lines and connect to customers with the added benefit of association with blockbuster film, hit TV show, and/or celebrity. The advertising and marketing industry worldwide is in the throes of a serious problem. It is becoming increasingly difficult to grab eyeballs and break through the clutter. The average consumer is bombarded with messages every secondShow MoreRelatedThe Purpose Of Music Video2471 Words   |  10 PagesToday Now-a-days music videos have become common place in the music industry meaning that every song that makes it into the charts has a music video made. Sometimes the fame of the video is enough to boost the song into the top 10 if not no.1. Music genres Different music types have a tendency to have their styles in their videos. They might all offer traditions in a general sense however they discover diverse approaches to advance the craftsman and speak to distinctive gatherings of people. Hip Hop;Read MoreProduct Placement12588 Words   |  51 PagesResearch Product placement effectiveness: revisited and renewed Kaylene Williams California State University, Stanislaus Alfred Petrosky California State University, Stanislaus Edward Hernandez California State University, Stanislaus Robert Page, Jr. Southern Connecticut State University ABSTRACT Product placement is the purposeful incorporation of commercial content into noncommercial settings, that is, a product plug generated via the fusion of advertising and entertainment. While product placementRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pages5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Unit Title Marketing management – an introduction Marketing environment Marketing with other functional areas of management Market segmentation Market targeting and positioning Product management Brand management Pricing Channel design and management Retailing and Wholesaling Integrated Marketing Communication Advertising management Sales promotion Personal selling Public relations Understanding individual consumer b ehaviour UnderstandingRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagesof publishing book acts as a barrier to entry against casual writers †¢ Hardly any oversight over the quality of material that gets published via new media channels †¢ Any work, regardless of its value, can easily get broadcasted to a global audience †¢ Publishers want to ensure that their books sell *quality check* †¢ Any hack can put up his dribbling on Fictionpress.net †¢ Any angst-filled teenager can put up his or her macabre, misspelt poetry online. †¢ Anyone can masquerade aRead MoreHerbert Spencer Essay13142 Words   |  53 Pagesof Psychology as a textbook. Although some of Spencers more extreme formulations of laissez-faire were abandoned fairly rapidly, even in the United States, he will continue to exert an influence as long as competition, the profit motive, and individualism are held up as positive social values. His indirect influence on psychology, sociology, and history is too strong to be denied, even when his philosophical system as a whole has been discarded. He is a giant in the intellectual history of the 19thRead MoreMarketing and E-commerce Business65852 Words   |  264 Pagesand related graphics contained herein could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically added to the information herein. Microsoft and/or its respective suppliers may make improvements and/or changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described herein at any time. Partial screen shots may be viewed in full within the software version specified. Microsoft ® and Windows ®, and Microsoft Office ® are registered trademarks of the Microsoft Corporation in theRead MoreStatement of Purpose23848 Words   |  96 Pages Ohio Wesleyan University Writing Center  © 2011 Writing Guidelines for Statements of Purpose Contents Writing Your Statement of Purpose ................................................................................................ 1 I. Audience and Institutions ....................................................................................................... 1 II. Content ..............................................................................................................Read MoreThe Censorship of Art Essay example14698 Words   |  59 Pagesyoungsters were exposed to through radio broadcasts, in record stores, or at concerts, and to request the record industry for voluntary restraint with regard to explicit and obscene music. The PMRC specifically proposed a rating system, similar to the movie ratings system used by the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA), and requested that specific warning labels be placed on album covers (Coletti 1987:424-425). The PMRC also suggested that song lyrics be printed on the album covers, records withRead MoreStrategic Marketi ng Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesCONTENTS vii Stage Two: Where do we want to be? Strategic direction and strategic formulation 7 Missions and objectives 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 Learning objectives Introduction The purpose of planning Establishing the corporate mission Influences on objectives and strategy Guidelines for establishing objectives and setting goals and targets The development of strategies Summary 265 269 271 271 274 277 290 294 310 313 315 317 317 318 323 326 327 328 330 332 338 341 345 347 350 353 359Read MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagesarticles in scholarly publications and serves on the editorial boards of several journals. He has undertaken management accounting-related fieldwork in a variety of global enterprises and has presented his research to corporate executives and academic audiences in Europe, Asia, and North America.  ¨ Christopher S. Chapman is head of the accounting group at the SaÄ ±d Business School, University of Oxford. He received his Ph.D. in accounting from the London School of Economics. His research focuses on the

Medicare Fraud - 2905 Words

Medicare Fraud: The History, Incidence, Costs and Institutional Remedies John H Everett Wayland Baptist Medicare Fraud: The History, Incidence, Costs and Institutional Remedies What is Medicare fraud? (FA, 2011, p. 1) states â€Å"Medicare fraud happens when Medicare is billed for services or supplies you never got. Medicare fraud costs Medicare a lot of money each year.† What is Medicare abuse? (FA, 2011, p. 1) defines this as â€Å"Abuse occurs when doctors or suppliers don’t follow good medical practices, resulting in unnecessary costs to Medicare, improper payment, or services that aren’t medically necessary.† In reviewing the definitions of fraud and abuse by Medicare it may be hard for some people to†¦show more content†¦Some of the key types of Medicare fraud are as follows: Incorrect billing, phantom billing, false certification, inappropriate services, bribing patients, charging for equipment and supplies which are never supplied, double billing involves charging for more than once for the same service, code jamming and upcoding. One of the first big cases in Medicare fraud was with a company called National Medical Enterprises (NME) in 1994. The suit alleged patients rights were abused and NME settled for almost $600 million back in the middle 1990s. One of the conditions of the settlement agreement was NME had to sale of it specialty hospitals. NME later became to be known as Tenet Healthcare. In 2002, Tenet went through another fraud case with Medicare, this time they were charged with raising there charges by a large amount each year to reach Medicare outlier payments on a majority of its Medicare patients. This suit almost cost Tenet to go under as a business. Still today, Tenet is trying to recover almost nine years later from the effects of this case. The largest in Medicare fraud involved a company called Columbia/HCA, now it is known just as HCA. The net settlementShow MoreRelatedMedicare Fraud Essay988 Words   |  4 PagesDepartment of Justice work to reduce healthcare fraud and investigate di shonest providers and suppliers. The Health Care Fraud Prevention and Enforcement Action Team recouped almost 3 billion in fraud, this year alone. Also, aggressive strategies exist to eliminate Medicare prescription fraud. Patients abusing or selling painkillers received by visiting several doctors and obtaining multiple prescriptions costs Medicare millions annually. Fraud affects everyone, preventing it requires governmentRead MoreFraud Case Study : Medicare Claims1852 Words   |  8 Pages Fraud Case Study: Medicare Claims Carolann Stanek University of Mary Fraud Case Study: Medicare Claims False claims are a parasite to the American health care system resulting in overall higher health care costs. The Department of Justice reported recovering $1.9 billion dollars in fiscal year 2015 from fraudulent and false claims in health care (Department of Justice, 2015). In 2011, fraud and abuse were estimated to add $98 billion to federal spending for Medicare and Medicaid (FurrowRead MoreMedicare Fraud647 Words   |  3 PagesMedicare fraud is becoming a huge problem in today’s society. Medicare is a health insurance program for personnel paid by taxes the American population contributes to for personnel 65 years or older. When a health care provider, health suppliers, and private health companies deliberately bill Medicare for supplies or services that were not given is considered Medicare Fraud. To include, when a person uses another person’s Medicare card to receive health care for which the person does not qualifyRead MoreThe Senate Committee On Health And H uman Services1493 Words   |  6 PagesAlso, Charge VII: to monitor the implementation of laws addressed by the committee and make recommendations for improvement of any legislation in the sectors of Medicaid long-term care, Dental Board Reforms, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, fraud, waste and abuse reductions of Medicaid and other health and human services programs in Texas (Governor, 2014). Other duties include Charge II: monitoring the implementation of programs to improve mental health and substance abuse services and makeRead MoreMedicare : Medicare And Medicaid1426 Words   |  6 PagesWeek 2 DB Billing 2 Compare and contrast Medicare and Medicaid; including funding sources, fraud and/or abuse, and eligibility requirements for recipients Both Medicare and Medicaid are administered through a division of Health and Human Services called the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). CMS’s primary role is to monitor contractors and state agency to ensure the proper administration of Medicare and Medicaid. CMS establishes policies for the provider reimbursements, researchesRead MoreThe Impact Of Data Mining On The Healthcare Industry1451 Words   |  6 PagesData mining is used in various forms by different agencies. Detecting fraud and abuse is one of the benefits of the use of data mining. The healthcare industry is big and one of the biggest payers is CMS. However, detecting fraud and abuse in healthcare claims is crucial because billions of money is being wasted in unnecessary care. Data mining is defined as the process of data selection and studying and building models using massive data stores to disclose previously unidentified patterns in databasesRead MoreHealthcare Claims and Processing1600 Words   |  7 PagesA current LCD for the regional Medicare intermediary (Michigan - Region V) is shown in the example below. This LCD is for Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents, L25211. The LCD is active and became effective on 12/1/2007 with an date of 11/01/2013 for the 10/22/2013 revision (cms.gov, 2014b). Question 8: Report on the Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act (HIPAA) and its impact on healthcare claims processing. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996Read MoreSocial Security and Medicare Seeing Through Loopholes Essay1549 Words   |  7 Pages People receiving Social Security and Medicare need to prepare for drastic changes. Social Security and Medicare in unity has been around since 1965. President Lyndon B. Johnson decided to help the elderly pay for expensive medical necessities from doctor visits to medicine. President Johnson knew that elderly individuals would have less income and pay more for medical necessities than younger individuals. He made Social Security and Medicare a number one priority during his presidency, unaware yearsRead MoreThe Role Of Governmental Agencies On The Health Care Industry1271 Words   |  6 Pagesservices, perform studies, manage training, and technical assistance. Health Care Fraud Prevention and Enforcement Action Team (HEAT) The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and Department of Justice (DOJ) created the Health Care Fraud Prevention and Enforcement Action Team (HEAT). The (HEAT) collect information through the states to help avoid losing, fraud, and exploitation in health care programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. Chase on persons and associations who abuse the system which itRead MoreDelivering Health Care in America1726 Words   |  7 PagesCHAPTER 9 Medicare Enrollment â€Å"Ringing in the New Year with New Health Care Benefits† Some of the most important provisions of the Affordable Care Act will take effect in 2011. Starting this year, the vast majority of people with Medicare will see several new benefits, including free annual wellness check-ups, recommended preventive services without cost-sharing and discounts on prescription drugs in the Medicare Part D â€Å"donut hole† (Sebelius, Health Care, 2011). In addition, new rules will hold

Christianity, By Clive Staples Lewis - 1657 Words

In Mere Christianity, Clive Staples Lewis, known as C.S Lewis known best for his writing, and being a Christian apologist, divides the novel into 4 different section. Each book emphasizes the struggles he has faced and overcome as well as personal life lessons he has learned. The first section, Right and Wrong as a Clue to the Meaning of the Universe focus on moral law and the law of nature. Christians Believe, second section, corresponds with his life because Lewis has had many interviews defending his faith and studied the Bible thoroughly. In the third book, Christian Behaviour. It talks about all of the different types of morals and behaviors Christians are called to follow because Lewis has studied into Jesus’s teaching he has a deeper understanding of what Jesus has called his followers to be. Lastly, Beyond Personality: or First steps in the Doctrine of the Trinity, is about the first steps and the process of becoming a Christian. Lewis went from an atheist to a highly Christian figure in the church and believer society resulting into a lot of personal knowledge of the topics in his novel. C.S. Lewis’s life influences his writing in Mere Christianity through his ability to portray the foundation of Christianity from the growth made from both his believer and non-believer life, using the amount of studies and research done defending the views of atheists and Christians, his studies in people and Christian behavior, and finally how his intimate growth as a godly personShow MoreRelatedClive Staples Lewis Essay1325 Words   |  6 Pagessoldier, author, or speaker, C.S. Lewis inspired many in his lifetime. The trials he encountered in his life made him a more inspiring and respectable author and person. Narnia, one of his most popular works, demonstrates moral characteristics in ways we can more easily understand with fictitious characters and settings (Gilbert 14). Young Life Clive Staples Lewis was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland to Albert J. Lewis and Florence Hamilton Lewis (Lewis Foundation) on November 29, 1898 (GormleyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Chronicles Of Narnia 1576 Words   |  7 PagesClive Staples Lewis, although his name avowed around the world, his literary works are exceedingly identifiable to the common household. There are few children who have yet to experience the mystical land in â€Å"The Chronicles of Narnia† and numerous scholars who have dissected the â€Å"Studies in Medieval and Renaissance Literature†. Having written over thirty published works by his death in 1963, Lewis has explored close to every genre of literature. (CSLEWIS.COM) Referred to as one of the intellectualRead MoreA Brief Biography of C.S. Lewis827 Words   |  3 PagesC.S. Lewis is one of the greatest authors in history. His books are still widely available and sold to many interested readers. In Lewis’ childhood, he experi enced a tragedy that affected his belief in god; in his middle life, he mainly focused on college and his studies, but his father’s death played a role in Lewis later becoming a Christian. In Lewis’ later life, he married one of his own fans. Clive’s passion for writing began when he was a small child, and it continued to grow as he furtheredRead MoreThe Lion, The Witch, And The Wardrobe1116 Words   |  5 Pagesand perhaps influenced future writers to come. C.S. Lewis’ past experiences and authors such as George MacDonald, Beatrix Potter, Greek Mythology, and the Bible have significantly influenced C.S. Lewis’ The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe through the use of anthropomorphisms, mythical creatures, and allegories making it one of the greatest children stories of all time.    On November 29, 1898 in Belfast, Northern Ireland, Clives Staples Lewis began his life. At the young age of ten, his mother diedRead MoreThe Chronicles Of Narni The Lion, The Witch, And The Wardrobe1183 Words   |  5 PagesNovember 29, 1898, Clives Staples Lewis was a British author best known for The Chronicles of Narnia series and the book of Mere Christianity, although he has written more than 40 books. In 1916, C.S Lewis was drafted into the army to serve in war, an experience that turned him into an atheist. In 1929, Lewis converted from atheism to theism and in September of 1931, after talking to his close friend, J.R.R Tolkien, Lewis became a Christian. C.S. Lewis started to write about Christianity and on OctoberRead MoreCS Lewiss Moral Argument and the Existence of a God Essay1538 Words   |  7 Pageswas demanded of them by their God. CS Lewis argues that through the comprehension of standards of good and bad, God’s existence is proven. However, Lewis’s def ense for the existence of God is adequate because it fails to acknowledge the possibility for people to be good on their own, without the instruction of a supernatural entity. Clive Staples Lewis grew up in a Christian household in Belfast, Ireland, and though his family was frequent church-goers, Lewis claimed himself to be an Atheist at theRead MoreClive Staples : The Intellectual Writings1072 Words   |  5 PagesClive Staples (C.S) Lewis is known for his intellectual writings and is arguable one of the most influential writers of his day. Lewis was born to a protestant family in Belfast, Ireland. He remembers his family purchasing and reading â€Å"endless† books, where none of them were off–limits to him. This in return may have played a significant role in his imagination and love for fantasy. After his brother left home for boarding school in 1905, Lewis spent most of his time reading and imagining worldsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Lion, The Witch, And The Wardrobe 1621 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Wardrobe. To children, the combination of those three things was intriguing enough. To adults, the name of the author would have pique d more interest: C. S. Lewis, the renowned Christian writer. His name appears on such other titles as The Screwtape Letters, The Problem of Pain, The Weight of Glory, Miracles, and later Mere Christianity, a hallmark of religious classics. While the younger generation pondered how Narnia could fit into something as small as a wardrobe, mature readers would have mulledRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Screwtape Letters By Quot. Lewis1567 Words   |  7 PagesC.S. Lewis once wrote There are two equal and opposite errors into which our race can fall about the devils. One is to disbelieve in their existence. The other is to believe, and to feel an excessive and unhealthy interest in them. Throughout history mankind has struggled, relentlessly, to put this concept into perspective. Lewis, a well respected Christian author, thought it appropriate to develop a work that would help individuals grasp the notion of devils. The Screwtape Letters by C.S.Read MoreThe Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe Christian Themes Essay2025 Words   |  9 PagesWitch, and the Wardrobe C. S. Lewis was a brilliant author known for his fictional novels as well as his Christian apologetics works. Religion was a large part of his life, and he utilized such themes throughout his fiction books. The first book in The Chronicles of Narnia series, The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, exemplifies such overlap. Lewis inserted fundamental Christian themes into this novel, allowing his religion to influence his work. C. S. Lewis creates Christian entities within

China and UK Recruitment and Selection Procedure

Question: Explain cultural differences between China and UK and how it has impacted the recruitment and selection procedure of management? Answer: The influences of cultural differences on HRM practices in China are explored. The author has included cultural differences between China and UK and how it has impacted the recruitment and selection procedure of management. How the national differences affect the HRM policies in Chinese subsidiaries. As per Hofstedes model Chinese culture is categorized high on power distance, low in individualism, moderate in uncertainty avoidance and masculinity and high on long-term orientation. Some leaders have focused few attributes of Chinese management in respect of hierarchy, orientation towards groups, an importance of decision making process which highlights reduction of conflicts and delegation of authority. The Chinese work value includes the management decisions are accepted as the final decisions; it has given emphasize on equality and conflicts avoidance. Recently China has changed its strategy from collectivism and high power distance to a mix of collectivism and lower power distance . Individual-led management culture marks the Chinese control and it, gives the employee more authority and responsibility (Heimburger et al.2014). In contrast to Chinese culture and management practices, the UK focuses on individualism, comparatively little on avoiding uncertainty and power gap and high on masculinity and femininity. Further, it is characterized by individual performance, change, and less influence is minimized, it is focusing more on individualism, reduced power distance that is very high on UK. The respect to supervisors, harmonious industrial relations are encouraged. 'egalitarian' values explain Chinese strategy on pay and reward system. The study revealed how the cultural differences have affected the Chinese subsidiaries in UK and the adoption of local practices(Waheed et al.2015). As far as the recruitment is concerned before 1978, the recruitment and selection had little significance and most of the organizations were state owned and are provided welfare coverage that is job security, wage, and importance to seniority. Therefore, business organizations are governed by the socialist state. In the process of transition, the market-oriented model has come in the scenario which has included termination and retrenchment policy as per operational needs to achieve business objectives (Bryson 2013). The change is due to the foreign investment in China that has changed the HRM practices and has given rise to competition among professionals and increased the salary of local recruits. A recent analysis has revealed that that understanding the cultural background is critical before hiring the candidates. There are two approaches to recruitment and selection one is psychometric and exchange methods. The first one describes few attributes that are intelligence, abilities b ased on that the candidates will be hired. So this approach provides the proper model of recruitment and selection by matching the person with the job profile to get the right candidate for the job. Exchange approach critically analyses psychometric perspective whether all the attributes are correctly applied or not (Waheed et al.2015). As far the selection is, concerned employers spend less time to determine which selection process is appropriate rather they depends on the probation period to judge the employee performance and cost- benefit analysis of the period. Moreover, as per Chinese law, they do not pay in probation period and the duration of probation period is three months. In UK recruitment and selection are organized to fulfill the organization demand and labor market conditions. There are critical procedures involved in energy management to comply with Government legislation related to the matters of recruitment, the labor relations, and remuneration. Recently UK has dev eloped many performances related pay schemes while the company has formulated retention policy for tenured employees (Calvo et al. 2013). The Chinese organization is characterized by group work and flexibility whereas hierarchical decisions, and judgments are given importance in contrary with views of subordinates in China. The UK has given emphasis on performance and meeting target whereas Chinese organizations give a broader perspective. The performance appraisal in Chinese state-owned organization determined the bonuses and wage policy and applied for better communication and development in future. However, much Chinese society has replaced the concept of egalitarianism and iron rice bowl and increasingly used organization work reform to implement appraisal, incentives system in the body. In contrast with that UK has structured work organization and has formal bureaucracy. By formulating more precise control and supervisory structure, it has designed a smooth career progressions plan and given career aspirations. The management style and approach aim to follow a standard set by the company. The relationship between the superior and subordinate is more unbiased. Performance judges an individual employeeof performance. Recently the UK organization has undergone few changes and focused on building the more intensive strategy to influence the workforce, line managers and group works, assessment based on performance, flexibility in working arrangements, and it establishes a relationship of transparency and trust between employers and employee (Aspridis et al.2013). In past, there are more organized, and traditional practice and an adversarial role of labor were there in UK but recently the role of the trade union is reduced, but collective bargaining is still existing in some industries whereas trade union still plays a significant role in management in China. With the changing social, economic and political system China is adopting a more market-led system. Thus, the Chinese MNCs requires more internationalization process, which requires more change in management (Thoo and Kaliannan 2013). The basic principles aim to reduce discrimination at a workplace in respect of gender or race, an abolition of child labor and workers are given the power to organize. The law also refers to duty hours and working conditions, minimum wages, holidays. The Chinese labor law defines working time that is fixed for 8 hours per day, and it constitutes 44 hours a week. The law confirms one day off per week, but as per Regulations on Employees Work Time 2 days per week (Louw 2013). As per the laws, overtime work is permitted after the discussion with trade union only in the emergency situation such as natural disaster or in other emergency situation. The duration of overtime work is 36 hours per month. Overtime worked on weekends will be paid at double rates and extra work performed on holidays will be paid three times more than the standard wages. In UK, only 26% members are union members whereas the private sectors presence of trade unions in the public sector is more compared to private s ector. One third of all the employees in UK are covered by collective bargaining (Kelly 2012). The union will appoint the safety representatives to ensure health and security but for nonunion workplaces the employer will decide whether they will elect the safety representatives or the employees should be consulted directly. Non-union safety officials have less power compared to trade unions, as they cannot do the direct inspection (Wei and Zhizhang 2013). With the significant social and economic changes, and the information gathered from focus group and from MNEs in China given a framework that analyzes work life balancing issues in China. China has the market driven economy, which focuses on private ownership and foreign investment. China has strong labor laws based on equality, negotiations which are impacted by the political system. Moreover, it covers working hours, leaves management, and compensation and workers migration to another company and which has affected their families. China has one-child policy that has reduced the child- dependency proportion is comparatively small(Afroze 2016). In China they have given importance to gender equality and more women are participating in the labor force. In China, there is highly motivated workforce recruited by MNEs and given equal opportunity to both male and female. Family values exert special influence on lifestyle and decisions. They have adopted diversity in work culture created a workplace that facilitates development and learning opportunities for all the people. The Chinese companies have included health and well-being initiatives and employee assistance programs and developed stress reduction programs. It has focused on talent management perspective by developing and by training the employees and by retaining the best talent. Work-life initiatives also identify that workplace and workforce are rapidly changing, and organization needs to create a work culture to adopt the changes. Government policies and regulations have a significant impact on work-life regarding the working hours, overtime, and compensation (Kopteva 2013). UK organizations are more aware of balancing work life and implemented policies to reduce work pressure. Working hours for employees is 48 hours per week. Therefore, it focuses on long hours and hard work; all these are directed to create a balance in work-life. People are paid to work on bank holidays and paid incentives for the work. They have developed a policy EU directive that resisted the employee to work beyond 48 hours in a week. Technological changes and advancement have given an opportunity to work at different hours to reduce the geographical boundaries between the countries. Such organization facilitates a shift system to segregate three changes to distribute the employees in it to keep a proper balancing approach towards the job (Rouyendegh and Erkan 2013). Reference List Afroze, R., 2016. Does Recruitment Develop a Corporate Image to Attract Talented Candidates for Hiring in Bangladesh?.Asian Business Review,6(1), pp.35-38. Aspridis, G., Kazantzi, V. and Kyriakou, D., 2013. Social Networking Websites and Their Effect in Contemporary Human Resource Management-A Research Approach.Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,4(1), pp.29-46. Bryson, A., Barth, E. and Dale-Olsen, H., 2013. The effects of organizational change on worker well-being and the moderating role of trade unions.Industrial Labor Relations Review,66(4), pp.989-1011. Calvo, N., Bastida, M. and Fes, J., 2013. A simulation tool for talent management in knowledge-intense firms. An opportunity for HR managers?.Global Business Perspectives,1(3), pp.261-273. Heimburger, D.C., Warner, T.L., Carothers, C.L., Blevins, M., Thomas, Y., Gardner, P., Primack, A. and Vermund, S.H., 2014. Recruiting post-doctoral fellows into global health research: selecting NIH Fogarty International Clinical Research Fellows.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene,91(2), pp.219-224. Kelly, J., 2012.Rethinking industrial relations: Mobilisation, collectivism and long waves. Routledge. Kopteva, E., 2013. The model of strategic measurement as a basis of information provision of an enterprises value-oriented financial policy.International Journal of Advanced Studies,2(1). Louw, G.J., 2013. Exploring recruitment and selection trends in the Eastern Cape.SA Journal of Human Resource Management,11(1), pp.10-pages. Rouyendegh, B.D. and Erkan, T.E., 2013. An application of the fuzzy electre method for academic staff selection.Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing Service Industries,23(2), pp.107-115. Thoo, L. and Kaliannan, M., 2013. International HR Assignment in Recruiting and Selecting: Challenges, Failures and Best Practices.International Journal of Human Resource Studies,3(4), p.143. Waheed, W., Hughes-Morley, A., Woodham, A., Allen, G. and Bower, P., 2015. Overcoming barriers to recruiting ethnic minorities to mental health research: a typology of recruitment strategies.BMC psychiatry,15(1), p.1. Wei, C. and Zhizhang, W.A.N.G., 2013. The Discussion of the HRM Practices and Procedures in Non-Profit Organization: A Case Study of Sunshine Consulting Call Center.Canadian Social Science,9(4), p.28.

Professional Practice Portfolio In Nursing †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Professional Practice Portfolio In Nursing. Answer: Professional practice portfolio: Description: Professional practice portfolio is a document that an individual use to define their lifelong learning, knowledge and skills in relations to competence required in specific area of practice. In the context of nursing practice, a professional practice portfolio for a student nurse is one that describes how their live long learning, personal interest and achievements are in alignment for practice as a registered nurse (Green, Wyllie Jackson, 2014). It should have evidence and description that provides evidence regarding personal accountability for registered nurse practice and having the ability to meet all the NMBA standards for RN practice in Australia. Some of the components that is essential in professional practice portfolio includes the following: A collection of documents that define the nurses competence and clinical expertise for practice as a registered nurse List of values, beliefs and skills of the nurse to engage in safe and quality practice Evidence of participation in any activity to demonstrate their interest in professional development List of plans to demonstrate a nurse capability to critically think about preparedness needed to become a RN and reviewing their personal and professional goals to meet all competency standards required to become an RN (Chamblee et al., 2015). Hence, from the above description, it can be said that a professional practice portfolio is a living document that supports aspiring nurses to demonstrate their values, skills, goals and interest in professionalnursing practice. A nurse writing such professional portfolio should demonstrate their reflective skill in writing by comparing their performance based on past and current practice. This will show how they have learned overtime to effectively provide care to patient. Argument: For student nurses aspiring to become RN, it is important for them to be aware about current professional knowledge needed for managing their career (Masters, 2015). Therefore, use of portfolio is one tool that enables nurse to understand the pathway they need to follow to acquire updated professional skills. Hence, interest in professional portfolio is gathering momentum today because of its potential to act as a valuable learning device fornursing students. Its supports them in evaluating their on-going personal and professional development and understanding their learning needs for future practice (Green, Wyllie Jackson, 2014). Use of portfolio can provide range of benefits to nursing students when they want to demonstrate their professional nursing capabilities to recruiters. One of the benefits is that it provides them with an active reference file to understand how they can meet the complex needs of patients and understand the demands of professional practice when they transition to become a RN. By engaging in the process of developing a portfolio, nurses are able to find the pathway needed for their professional development in career (Chamblee et al., 2015). In addition, another important benefit of using a portfolio is that it is an authentic means for them to assess their reflection skills. As professional practice portfolio is a reflective document, the process of collecting documents and justifying those information to explain about their professional learning will give them excellent opportunity to reflect on their achievement. Hence, with the use of portfolio, nurses can develop their critical ref lection skills. The NMBA standards for registered nurse practice states that nurse must use variety of thinking strategies in making decisions related to the care of patient (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au., 2017). Therefore, when students nurse use the portfolio to collect, select and reflect about their learning, they develop their critical thinking skills too. This skill can help them to professionally handle complex and challenging situation in practice. Despite the benefits of professional portfolio in support professional development and critical thinking skills of nurses, the use of portfolio may be challenging for many nursing students. This is because in this document, they need to provide their assessment document about any practice that they have completed with their mentors (Hardacre Hayes, 2016). However, the process of constructing the portfolio is a daunting task for many students because reflective writing is an unfamiliar territory for them. They face difficulties in assessing their evidence and justifying their learning in relation to demands of professional nursing practice. For some, taking time out to reflect on an experience is a burden for them (Ryan, 2011). Hence, lack of time and heavy workload act as major challenge for nurses in using and developing portfolios. Management and leadership: According to standard 3.4 of NMBA practice for RNs, it is important for nurse to accept accountability for decisions, actions and behaviors in practice. Hence, nurses also need to show management and leadership competencies in their professional practice portfolio. The leadership competencies relates to the ability of nurse in demonstrating self-confidence and using their critical thinking skills to professional handle complex situation in practice. Leadership competencies also involves interpersonal effectiveness component so that nurse provides evidence of situation in which they were able to delegate task and minimize conflict during interprofessional team work. In contrast, management a competency relates to the skills required for effectively managing daily work process and share responsibilities with other. It is not linked to influencing or empowering others, but using their own skills to ensure smooth delivery of care (Finkelman, 2015). Hence, there is a difference in leaders hip and management competencies required for nurses. When nurses need to demonstrate their leadership competencies through their professional portfolio, they can give example of an opportunity where they got a change to mentor other nurse and improve their skills in clinical practice. In addition, management competencies in a portfolio can be shown by giving evidence of a scenario in which they effectively handled a complex case. It may be related to any emergency care given by the nurse, where their management capabilities played a role in minimizing adverse outcome for patient. Professional standards: Description of situation: As part of my placement as a student nurse in acute care hospital, my clinical facilitator assigned me the duty to measure selected vital signs of a patient post a surgery. I had to collect all vital sign of patients like BP, Pulse rate, respiratory rate and pain score and provide it to the RN for managing patients health status. The patient had a knee replacement surgery and due to complaints of unusual pain, he was given Morphine post 2 hours of surgery. Apart from RN and me, the surgeon and a physician was also involved in the care of patient. While conducting the vital sign assessment, I found that the patients pulse rate, respiratory rate and BP were significantly below the normal range. In this situation, I knew it was necessary for me to act fast and immediately inform the RN about the abnormal vital sign of the patient. However, when I rushed to the RN, I found that she was not present and she was in the OT to handle an emergency case. I realized that delaying nursing action may further deteriorate patient situation. Hence, I demonstrated accountability in my role as a student nurse by informing about the situation to the physician myself. The physician appreciated my quick action of informing about the critical situation to him and asked me to immediately call a registered nurse on duty in another ward. The physician ordered the RN to administer IV dose of another drug to patient and I was asked to constantly assess vital signs of patients. The patient conditional stabilized after 2-3 hours. Hence, by this action, I was able to prevent an adverse event for patient and demonstrate my responsibility and accountability in promoting safety of patients as per my scope of practice. Critical discussion: According to my scope of practice as a student nurse, I performed my responsibility to measure vital sign of patient on time. However, since the RN was not available to manage the abnormalities in vital sign of patient, I took the responsibility to be responsible for the safety of patient. This was important for me because through my nursing education so far, I was aware that vital sign of patients fluctuates a lot post surgery and RN plays a major role in continuously monitoring and improvement if vital signs of patient. Through this kind of assessment, they are able to identify health risk in patient and response to the change in their health status (Osborne et al., 2015). Hence, as the RN was not available, I had to take this responsibility to save the patient from any harm or adverse event. This was a necessary duty for me as part of my responsibility of a student nurse. Evidence by Thompson et al., (2013) also suggests that nurses vigilance at the bedside is necessary to prevent patient safety risks. They maintain patients safety not only by identifying signs of clinical deterioration in patient, but also doing countless other tasks to provide quality care to patient. The nursing education curriculum also plays a vital role in ensuring that nursing students can confidently implement processes to promote safety of patient in professional practice (Vaismoradi, Salsali Marck, 2011). The above clinical scenario also demonstrates my skills in delegating with other staffs to provide therapeutic and professional care. This action also related to standard 2.6 of NMBA standard for registered nursing practice which states that using delegation, supervision, coordination and consultation in professional relationship is essential to provide therapeutic care to patient ((Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au., 2017). Hence, I demonstrated my preparedness to effective take up the RN role in the future by engaging in proper consultation with the physician. When interprofessional teams engage in proper collaboration process, the quality of care improves significantly (Keller et al., 2013). This consultation supported me to provide pharmacological intervention at the right time to stabilize patients condition. The clinical placement was a challenging experience for me because this was the first time when I faced a situation where no supervisor was present to guide me regarding best decision during critical situation. However, my clinical judgment and reasoning skills helped to take the best step for the patient. I utilized all my nursing knowledge effectively to ensure that I do not make any mistake during patient assessment. Previously, my mentor guided me during assessment of patient, however I was nervous this time as no supervisor was present. However, I carefully analyzed the physicians note regarding vital sign assessment for patient and recollected the process that I had done during my training. Evidence also suggest that when nursing students receive good clinical simulation, they are able to take correct clinical judgment regarding rapid response in practice setting. This action is related to standard 1 of thinking critically as practicing through reflection on knowledge ensured t hat no adverse event occurs because of my irresponsibility towards the patient. My ignorance would have led to negative consequences for patient, however my clinical reasoning skills saved patient from harm or medical negligence (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au., 2017). On the whole, the experience of assessment of patient and taking action to prevent adverse event for the patients demonstrated my accountability for practice and my commitment to preserve the safety of patient by all means. These qualities will be beneficial for me when I transition from being a student nurse to a registered nurse. Professional membership: Report on peak professional nursing organization I am currently a student nurse and my interest is to work as a registered nurse in acute care setting, where I can contribute to the health and well being of critically ill patients. The peak body or organization that can support me to engage in engage in advanced practice in acute care includes the Australian Primary Health Care Nurse Association (APNA). The APNA is a peak professional body that supports primary health care nurses to take on advanced professional role, ensure their sustainability in the job and optimize their skills in patient-centered care (Apna.asn.au., 2018).. Hence, APNA is a relevant organization to prepare me for my intended career path of acute care nursing as it works to ensure that nurse are recognized in advanced clinical role too. I can get the right guidance regarding the skills and knowledge that I need to acquire in the course of my professional career to become a RN in acute care setting. The APNA membership is available for registered nurse, retired registered nurse, student nurse engaged in full-time study in a nursing degree program and other mental health professionals who are not registered nurse (Apna.asn.au., 2018). As I am currently a nursing student, I will enroll in the student membership category so that I get the right exposure and pathway to fulfill my career goal of serving patients in acute care setting. References: Apna.asn.au., (2018). Australian Primary Health Care Nurses Association (APNA) Retrieved 5 March 2018, from https://www.apna.asn.au/about Chamblee, T. B., Dale, J. C., Drews, B., Spahis, J., Hardin, T. (2015). Implementation of a professional portfolio: A tool to demonstrate professional development for advanced practice.Journal of Pediatric Health Care,29(1), 113-117, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2014.06.003 Finkelman, A. (2015).Leadership and management for nurses: Core competencies for quality care. Pearson. Green, J., Wyllie, A., Jackson, D. (2014). Electronic portfolios in nursing education: A review of the literature.Nurse education in practice,14(1), 4-8, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2013.08.011 Hardacre, R., Hayes, L. (2016). The transition to becoming a newly qualified nurse: A reflection.Journal of New Writing in Health and Social Care,2(2), 32-43. Keller, K. B., Eggenberger, T. L., Belkowitz, J., Sarsekeyeva, M., Zito, A. R. (2013). Implementing successful interprofessional communication opportunities in health care education: a qualitative analysis.International journal of medical education,4, 253. doi:10.5116/ijme.5290.bca6 Kim, J., Bates, D. W. (2013). Medication administration errors by nurses: adherence to guidelines.Journal of Clinical Nursing,22(3-4), 590-598, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04344.x Lindsey, P. L., Jenkins, S. (2013, January). Nursing students' clinical judgment regarding rapid response: the influence of a clinical simulation education intervention. InNursing forum(Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 61-70), DOI:10.1111/nuf.12002 Masters, K. (2015).Role development in professional nursing practice. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. (2017). Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Registered nurse standards for practice. Retrieved 5 March 2018, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Professional-standards/registered-nurse-standards-for-practice.aspx Osborne, S., Douglas, C., Reid, C., Jones, L., Gardner, G. (2015). The primacy of vital signsacute care nurses and midwives use of physical assessment skills: a cross sectional study.International Journal of Nursing Studies,52(5), 951-962, Doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2015.01.014 Ryan, M. (2011). Evaluating portfolio use as a tool for assessment and professional development in graduate nursing education.Journal of Professional Nursing,27(2), 84-91, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2010.09.008 Thompson, C., Aitken, L., Doran, D., Dowding, D. (2013). An agenda for clinical decision making and judgement in nursing research and education.International journal of nursing studies,50(12), 1720-1726, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.05.003 Vaismoradi, M., Salsali, M., Marck, P. (2011). Patient safety: nursing students' perspectives and the role of nursing education to provide safe care.International Nursing Review,58(4), 434-442, DOI:10.1111/j.1466-7657.2011.00882.x