How are Clausewitzian concepts (if any) illuminated by Napoleon's Essay

How are Clausewitzian concepts (if any) illuminated by Napoleons experience - Essay ExampleInstead, he used his multitude victories over neighbouring countries to instill in them new institutions and codes of law. He introduced new forms of education and ways of doing politics. The introduction of dissimilar civil codes throughout atomic number 63 were perhaps his greatest achievement (McLynn, 255). He himself believed his Civil Code would abundant outlast any of his military glories (Wanniski, 184). But they could not have been introduced without the warfares that preceded them. Napoleon was a genius when it came to war and operations, but he had a larger vision too (Archer, 380). Napoleon had a vision for Europe and for France. He felt that certain principles should be at the forefront of the Continental way of life. He was clear an operational genius with respect to military affairs, but he also embodied, more than anyone, the Clausewitzian maxim that war is politics by other means. Work consulted Archer, Christon I. John R. Ferris, Holger H. Herwig. globe History of Warfare. University of Nebraska Press, 2002. McLynn, Frank. Napoleon. Pimlico, 1998. Wanniski, Jude. The Way the World Works. Regnery Gateway, 1998.

Research about drawing artist Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

About drawing artist - Research Paper ExampleDa Vinci would head back to Florence around 1500 and get commissioned to do a couple of paintings he would never finish before heading for Milan again to work for the cut governor. During this time, he would create another of his masterpieces, The Mona Lisa. Da Vinci was primarily an house decorator for the governor of Milan and did not come up with any signifi bumt piece from this time. When the French was removed from Milan in 1513, Da Vinci went and lived in Rome for three years before moving for good to France. He died at the age of 67.Da Vinci is credited for a number The Mona Lisa, The goal Supper, Vitruvian Man and bloody shame of the Rocks. The Mona Lisa, as mentioned earlier, was supposedly a portrait of a merchants wife. However, so many stories adjudge come up as to who was the model for The Mona Lisa. The painting became more popular when it was stolen in August 21, 1911 from the beauty shop Carr of the Louvre Museum. Aft er 2 years, the painting was found under the possession of Vincenzo Peruggia, an employee of the Louvre. He was trying to carry on the painting in Florence.The Vitruvian Man was made with pen and ink around 1487. Vitruvius was a Roman architect who described the ideal human proportions as part of his book De Architectura. The drawing has a picture of a man standing with his legs together and his ordnance outstretched to his sides in the middle of the page. The mans arms were excessively drawn as they would be raised a few inches upwards. The mans legs were also drawn as they would be apart. Da Vincis Vitruvian Man has served as an inspiration for several media. For example, it can be found on the Italian 1 euro coin. A figure in a topographic point suit in the poses of the Vitruvian Man is on the EVA patch of the National Aeronautics and Space Administrations space suit.Finally, as discussed lengthily in the movie and book, Da Vinci Code, the artist was also responsible for The Last Supper. Da Vincis representation of the

Magodi project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Magodi project - study Example.higher level of employees involve more in mental calculation while physical jobs atomic number 18 take up by lower level workers.The documental of the work is a key fixings and should be given utmost importance. It is the most important proposalning aid which assists an organization in achieving success. An objective has more importance than a goal and a manager should be keen on this aspect. in operation(p) need is also an important aspect to be considered out front a certain job or work plan is drawn into action. This concentrate on different activities to be carried out to make the plan successful. The resources needed to fulfill a particular work are materialized and plans are made to put them in practice.Efficiency of the worker and the plan has a great role to play. The machines and equipments involved in the work should be of high quality so that minimal energy is consumed with high out put. Workers have to be cost-efficient in their field of activity. A good organization of the activities will ensure more efficiency in the working plans.The plans should be studied intensively and negative and positive activities have to thoroughly check before implication. Time has to be utilized well and there should be good quality of communication mingled with all people involved in the work plan.Cost factor is a major fraction to be given utmost importance. The plan should be economical and should not impose great pecuniary burden on the firm. A proper estimation has to conduct in order to find the be involved and their respective outcome. Cost refers to the value of the resource spend on particular activities involved in the business. Cost involved in the process of work should be studied with the aid of professionals and estimation should be created. Cost-effectiveness values are a useful tool for comparing the relative merits ofConsultation is to be do before initiating any plan or work. The appropriate professionals hav e to approach to take valuable advice and

Financial Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

monetary Report - try ExampleThe objectives of this financial report comparison of the two companies are to enable us to find come in the performance of each of the two companies in their markets of operations. This will be through with(p) through the comparison and reading of financial ratios, which will inform the decisions as to whether in the company an employee can be rewarded, decisions of borrowing or not as well as when the companies are due for expansion and so forth. This is all done through financial analysis, which is the selection, evaluation, and interpretation of Financial data along with other pertinent information to embolden in investment and financial decision making.This analysis will involve the calculation, presentation, and interpretation of the financial ratios of both companies. The ratios to be considered will be grouped in depots of Liquidity Ratios, Profitability ratios, Activity Ratios, Financial Leverage ratios and Shareholders ratios. The liquidi ty ratios will provide information about the two companies to meet their short term and immediate obligations. On the other hand, profitability ratios provide the amount of income by each company of the gross sales they make. Activity ratios will show the stakeholders of the companies on the companys ability to manage its assets efficiently hence its ability to operate into the future. There is also the Financial Leverage ratio, which provides information on the companys degree of commitment to its fixed financial obligations and their ability to satisfy such obligations. Lastly, we will look at the helpingholders ratios of the two companies, which are aimed at describing to the shareholders the companys financial position in terms of the amounts per share of stock, held by the owners of the company (Kingfisher plc - Investors & Media - Results & presentations - Preliminary results for the year ended 28 January 2012. (2013, March 3).

Multinational Corporation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Multinational Corporation - Assignment ExampleIn reality, umteen international investors argon seemingly small and weak. For instance, multinational firms originating from developing countries have become a visible force in the world of FDI (Wells, 1983) Small and medium-sized firms also play significant roles in outward investment (Buckley et al, 1988), which have benefited many countries, thereby ending up in predicting future threats.FDI is a cross-border production activity that takes place for a number of reasons. Investment decisions are affected by market size and cost differentials, with firms investing in locations with relatively low production costs. (Barrell, 1997) After grappling with the question of why MNCs engages in world(prenominal) production, four theories are identified that attempts to explain four motivations for FDI, named Monopolistic Advantage possible action, Oligopolistic Reaction Theory, Internationalisation Theory and the Eclectic Paradigm.Hymer sugge sts that FDI occurs in imperfectly competitive markets and adopted an industrial organisation approach to explain the litigate of international production. Kindleberger details the nature of the noncompetitive advantages that the foreign investor whitethorn induce over its domestic competitors. Thus, he indicates that these advantages may arise in the goods market to achieve vertical or horizontal integration. Kindleberger also states that monopolistic advantages may arise through the actions of government in the host country. In restricting imports, the government may inadvertently stimulate FDI.However, Caves argues that the vertically extended foreign investor does not rely on the possession of these singular assets. Its motivations for international production are to avoid oligopolistic uncertainty concerning the long-term supply and pricing of its inputs as tumefy as to erect barriers to entry against new adverts. Hood and Young (1979) postulate that the monopolistic adva ntage supposition fully explains the FDI made by US multinational enterprises during the post-World War II period. However, they question whether the MNC needs to possess any advantage when investing in developing countries, since it is confronted with little domestic competition. They cite the example of Japanese ventures in developing countries that are faced with few, if any, effective local competitors. (Hood and Young, 1979)Oligopolistic Reaction TheoryKnickerbocker argues that a rival firms moves into a foreign market not only could threaten the corporate earnings of the other oligopolists, exclusively also could result in it acquiring competitive assets far in excess of those it already possesses. Thus, he posits, the defensive investment undertaken by the other oligopolists serves to maintain the balance of competition within the industry. (Barclay, 2000, p. 23)Knickerbocker postulates that it is the firms

Formal business memo Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Formal business memo - Article characterWhen the cost of living surges, the lower limit affiance should also rise. This is because workers face significant strain while put one overing figures that do not consider inflation. In the end, the quality of life diminishes as a large number of families ar forced into poverty. It is essential for workers to feel that the state takes care of their welfare. Raising the minimum wage is one of the booster cable ways in which the state intervenes for workers who are majorly defenseless against businesspersons. It is essential to note that the current minimum hour wage of 7.25 per hour does not care of taxes that every employee faces. At the end of the day, most workers probably earn $ 4 per hour after taxes. This act will also favor the business community since higher(prenominal)(prenominal) pay raises the morale of workers. A custody with increased morale easily manifests higher productivity. Besides, the city should identify increased e xpenditure towards rising out of the consequences of the recession. This is only possible if workers purchasing power increases. When the city raises the minimum wage, the action will affect more than 400,000 workers who make a third of Chicagos workforce (CBS Chicago 1). This figure considers casual workers in areas such as hotels.Hotel workers in Los Angeles recently won a $ 15.37 minimum wage policy. This happened after unions and right groups formed advocacy groups for the same. This is the highest minimum wage figure among each(prenominal) the states. It is crucial to highlight that hotel workers were the originators of the idea. This suggests that the minimum wage issue mostly affects the casual workers. Casual workers are predisposed to exploitation by business owners because such jobs do not require special skills. Consequently, the minimum wage is a serious concern for SMEs and the informal sector such as hotels. A higher minimum wage increases the cost of business. A

Reaction paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Reaction paper - Essay ExampleSome defecate argued, that there were already Anti-Semitic feelings in Europe long before Hitlers Regime and the planetary boycott by the Jewish community served as the the first shot fired in the certify World War (Johnson 2001). Even though it is true that the Jewish leaders, such as Rabbi Stephen Wise of the American Jewish Congress, were urged to forego these tactics, they did not relent and continued to boycott in hopes of destroying Germanys economy, industries, and government (Johnson 2001). in spite of the boycott, violent feelings, and insults spread about the Germans, it does not justify the brutal measures Hitler and his Regime took in retaliation. The mass driving to confine them in concentration camps or ship them out to Palestine in collaboration with the Zionists was underhanded, unjust, and venomed (Johnson 2001). Boycotting, printing news paper articles, and declaring speeches against Hitler and his Regime was still nothing compare d to what Hitler and his government did to the Jews. Boycotting goods in order to skunk a blow to a countrys economy hardly warrants imprisonment in gun chambers, persecution, and violence carried out against millions.

Protection Individual's Freedom From the Excessive Power of Government Essay

Protection Individuals Freedom From the Excessive Power of Government - Essay warningThis research will begin with the statement that the concept of nation is fundamentally described as a strong mechanism, which can be directly exercised by the people through electing their preferred agents. It is indeed a strong set of principles and ideas, which tends to protect the freedom of respective(prenominal)s belonging to any particular society. With regards to the brief understanding of academic history, terms democracy and freedom were often interchangeably used. However, these two terms have classifiable approaches in the context of their respective practices and procedures associated with a particular society, state or a nation as well. Although democracy demonstrates a clear and wide concept concerning individual freedom and liberty, it also entails a set of distinctive processes and practices that have been shaped by a long and convoluted political history. Emphasising diverse conc epts and ideas of democracy as represented in different kinds of literature, the essay critically demonstrates the extent of democracy in protecting individual freedom from the excessive power of government. According to various observations, democracy is further defined as a set of specific government institutions possessing a well-structured group of values, practices, and attitudes that may include dissimilar sorts of expressions amidst the societies and the cultures prevailing across the world. With regards to demonstrating the purposes and functions of democracy, the term democracy may entail a number of strong values along with principles and practices.

Neighbourhoods and Community Comparative Studies Essay

Neighbourhoods and Community Comparative Studies - Essay employmentThis article authored by DeFillipis and his colleagues handles a critical aspect of reconsidering the conditional relation of the community in the modern setting. Evidently, this article serves to place emphasis on the attention the community has received from different scholars. This article undertakes an in-depth depth psychology of the relevance of the community in the contemporary setting where many nations in the globe have select the neoliberalism ideology. Neoliberalism has contributed immensely new roles of the state, and adapted the hierarchy of public service provision (DeFillipis, Fischer, and Schrage 2006, p. 686). This has served to introduce a critical implication of the concerted efforts of communities and collaborations with the private sector. Evidently, the globe is moving towards a restructured market and economic policies as the authors explain, factors that have altered the functions of com munity efforts. The authors place focus on the romanticized view of communitarianism, as well as two types of quizzical and critical views highlighted by different theorists and scholars. After such analysis of the views exhibited by different scholars, the article reveals authentic progressive promoters.This article authored by DeFillipis and his colleagues handles a critical aspect of reconsidering the significance of the community in the contemporary setting. Evidently, this article serves to place emphasis on the attention the community has received from different scholars. This article undertakes an in-depth analysis of the relevance of the community in the contemporary setting where many nations in the globe have adopted the neoliberalism ideology. Neoliberalism has contributed immensely new roles of the state, and altered the hierarchy of public service provision. This has served to introduce a critical significance of the concerted efforts of communities

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 6

Report - Essay ExampleAdditionally, health education is offered to health dish out workers and patients so that treatment and care is offered appropriately for quick recovery. Health education will also facilitate in developing trust with physicians and treatments offered. Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 1. Introduction and Rationale for the subscribe to 5 2. Doppler judging - Background Information Regarding Doppler 6 2.1 Evidence in Support 6 6 2.2 Potential Disadvantages 7 7 2.3 Barriers to Implementation 7 3. Underpinning Policy 8 3.1 RCN 8 3.2 SIGN 8 3.3 CREST 9 3.4 Local religious belief Policies 9 9 4. Health Education 10 4.1 Implications for the uncomplaining 10 10 4.2 Secondary Intervention as Aids Treatment Decisions, How? 10 10 4.3 Implications for the Trust 10 5. Conclusions 11 5.1 Effective in Aiding Diagnosis 11 5.2 Limitations if used in Isolation 11 5.3 Risk of Misinterpretation 11 5.4 Referral for Vascular Assessment 12 6. Recommendations 12 6.1 Continue t o use Doppler 12 6.2 Use in Conjunction with Leg Ulcer Assessment Tool 13 6.3 Ensure broadcast of Education is Available for Staff 13 6.4 Ensure Patients Are Educated With Regard To Symptoms and When to Have Doppler Assessment 13 References 15 Bibliography 20 1. Introduction and Rationale for the Study Mrs. P has a wound in her complications for 4 weeks and there was no sign of heal with normal medication and care. On diagnosis by a vascular surgeon, it is identified that Mrs. P has leg ulceration. Moreover, Mrs. P should undertake other assessments with the intention of find out the type of leg ulcer and the factors accountable for this disease. The common health related problem amid the general cosmos is leg ulcers. Leg ulcers are usually identified as wounds in the lower part of the legs. volume with poor blood circulation or inappropriate working valves in the veins are the ones affected with leg ulcers. This disease is common in the adult population with age above 65 years. This disease is caused mainly collectable to certain factors including obesity, smoking and diabetes. The disease takes a longer time to heal due to pathogenic factors in the infected area. Clinically it is identified that there are two types of leg ulcers, which include arterial ulcers and venous ulcers. Venous ulcers are common in leg ulceration. Venous ulcers are found in 1.2-3.2 footstep of per 1000 people, which implies that around 70,000 to 190,000 people in the UK are suffering from this disease. The disease is required to be tough in an appropriate manner to minimise the risks associated with deteriorating wound conditions, harming the patients and delay in healing procedures (Posnett, two hundred8 Rippon & et. al., 2007). The common causes of leg ulcers are venous insufficiency, arterial occlusion, microcirculatory disorders, physical or chemical injury, infectious diseases, vasculitis, neuropathic diseases and haematological disorders among others. Heath care workers offering care and treatment to people with this disease must have adequate knowledge in relation to clinical picture, diagnostic possibilities, pathogenesis and treatment modalities about the causes of leg ulcers. Leg ulcers should be identified and inured suitably in its initial stage as later the risks increases leading to morbidity as on with impaired life quality. Additionally, cost of treatment and care in the initial stage is economical, but in the later stage of this disease cost has shown a considerable amount of rise of around ?200 million and $1 billion on an annual basis in the get together Kingdom (UK) and United

Reflection Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Reflection Paper - Essay ExampleThrough this means, I conceptualize I will be among the 80 percent nurse graduates with the baccalaureate degree by the year 2020. It is also important that health care organizations offer tuition reimbursement to help develop a culture that promotes further education, and giving promotion and salary differential according to Institute of Medicine of the bailiwick Academies (n.d).b). It is important that the quality of healthcare be improved to a higher level. This stern only be realized through research and development with the aim of increasing diversity by ensuring that more nurses in the country acquire a doctorate. In this connection, for me to fit into this 5th recommendation of IOM, I will check into that I enroll for a doctorate program in the next five years later on graduating with a baccalaureate degree. It is also acknowledge satisfactory that this would require a lot of funding and dedication from an one-on-one and schools and the pu blic at large. However, since I have a lot of passion for education that would enable me cave in the lives of others in the future, sky is the limit. In case I find it difficult to get tuition fees, I will seek for assistance from well wishers and the government to offer me a scholarship. In the end, I believe I will among those who form part of the double digit number of those with a doctorate by the year 2020. It would also be beneficial for university trustees and academic administrators create salary and benefit packages that are competitory in the market to recruit highly qualified academic and clinical nurses like myself.c). For me to be able to fit into the sixth recommendation of IOM future for nursing, it would be imperative for faculty and healthcare organizations to create, and priorities competencies so that curricula can regularly be updated to ensure that graduates at all stages are well prepared to meet some(prenominal)

Human Relations And Organization Behavior Research Paper

Human Relations And Organization carriage - Research Paper ExampleSome lookal rules imposed in the working environment of several(prenominal) teachers have proved to be beneficial to the individual who would have had their personal rights infringed on. The professional relationship in the midst of people ensures confidentiality and formality in the service livery.In the education sector, imposing rules and regulations that affect the employees cultural variety may have both positive and negative effects on the employees. Organizations behavior monitoring encourages a professional relationship between workers hence the teachers are able to have a good instruction environment. This would boost the service delivery of the employees because they are in a good environment.However, it can be argued that for the straightlaced working environment in an institution, the teachers have to relate in a free manner. Organizational behavior regulations may hinder such socialization hence in terfering with the service delivery to the students. This is because the teachers and lecturers may plough unsocial and hence there would be cooperation and teamwork.In the United States education system, the cultural diversity affects the organisational level of the teaching institutions. This is because, in the planning of strategies in the institution, the cultural diversity of different employees has to be cast off into consideration (Debra 1996). For example, consultations have to be made between the teachers and the management before new rules are imposed.The positioning and perception of employees in the education sector play an important role in the performance of their work. In a psychological view, a positive attitude towards the teaching profession contributes to good service delivery as opposed to those with a negative attitude.

Model for Morality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Model for Morality - Essay ExampleIn the Kantian approach to ethics and godliness, the ultimate identifier of a unspoiled action is one that is performed out of trading with no other ulterior motive. This becomes a means of a means of rewarding or punishing the individual for performing the action. In this case, duty is the ulterior motive because it accords the individual the opportunity to adopt his own morality. Although Kant was not the first individual to jump out such an approach to morality and ethics, he was among the first to make such a move. He besides passed it along as a moral code of ethics arguing it could be applied universally. This catholicity of Kantian morality serves as the hallmarks of defining the forms of ethical and moral approaches that have been far been studied. This universality is born(p) out of an understanding that the main guiding precept that defines goodness is duty. This is the duty of maintaining law in confederacy and upholding virtues suc h as honesty, respect and obedience. Kant describes it as not necessarily born out of an imprint of morality upon the hearts of mankind but out of the universality of reason. This helps to develop moral and ethical approaches to the m whatever situations that come up to the individual within his/her daily life (Robert et al, 2011, p. 119). Additionally, Kantian morality and ethics take the approach that god is exhibited through reason and rationality hence presents within the human duties. It, therefore, ultimately leads an individual to perform a moral act for the sake of duty itself. As a means to further this moral approach, Kant argues that the good of humanity in itself is sufficient enough a cause for encouraging the application of duty upon any given situation. Good humanity in this case means remarkable values and virtues that define the morality of individuals. Ultimately, this strike at the motivation for action, which itself Kant is able to trace back to a type of huma nism that seeks to cleanse and reform the lives of others. It also encourages the good of humanity in general as a means of bring out a better and noble world full of duty. Similarly, the ultimate expression of goodness through the unconscious and conscious acts of duty influences the individual who aspires for such an approach. Conversely, the analysis of the theory demonstrates several levels of weaknesses that raise questions in the contributors mind with regards to how effective such an approach would ultimately be in the universal entrust (Robert et al, 2011, p. 123). This is effective in terms guiding the individual toward reforming his weaknesses and concentrating on his strengths for universal renewal. Although it is laudable to seek to fall apart self-interest from moral actions for neutrality and integrity, it

The European Court of Human Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The European flirt of Human Rights - Essay ExampleThis is with the respect that human rights and freedoms should be upheld and respected at all costs. In some instances, the European Court of Human Rights has come under sharp scrutiny and focus. This is a luff precede of its overall mandate, jurisdictional application and accrued results (Mignon, 2012). This paper will dissect an obligate on the European Court of Human Rights. It will provide an in depth analysis and summation of the article with the aim of synthesizing the authors thoughts. It should be realized that the need and respect for international justice and put off was one of the leading building blocks of the European Court of Human Rights. As a direct result, the pinch that the speak to faces over the years has created scenarios where the United Kingdom has opted to drop out of the convention. The court is experiencing fierce battles with umteen terming it a gross violator of human rights. This is a direct result of the many rulings and judgments made that promote terrorists and prisoners at the expense of ordinary large number (Smith & Van-Der-Anker, 2005). In other instances, the court has been observed to blatantly drop common sense in many of its rulings. During the formation of the court, Sir Winston Churchill envisioned a judicial process that could neer interrupted. This was an emergent need as many governments had submerged many of their judicial ideals in totalitarianism and dictatorship. Churchills ideology was highly strengthened as the world watched the disaster that claimed lives during the Nazi regime. The court gained powers and support to reckon that it could adequately deal with such international injustices (Mignon, 2012). It is not possible to ignore the amount of work that has been think by the court. The court has set historical rulings at both individual and national level. This has guaranteed many people in Europe, rights and privileges that they could not prev iously attain. Despite this, there is a frenzy of reactions that have decried the decisions arrived at by the court. In an analytical way, the author states that there are instances where the court has shrugged off external opinions regarding judicial adaptation (Smith & Van-Der-Anker, 2005). This is especially in cases where the court is seen to have handed down an unpopular judgment. In other areas, it has been observed that the court has failed to offer compensation to plaintiffs that rightfully deserved compensation. This is one of the reasons why the change of laws to counter the courts rigidity has been presented by external pressures. The back log of cases that the court is experiencing is a direct result of the lengthy periods that take to interpret laws (Mignon, 2012). This results in inefficiency as speedy judgments are made without due circumstance for all the required legal proceedings. In other areas, the court struggles to apply existing laws to new states. This is b ecause the laws may not be directly applicable in the new states. In conclusion, the author accepts that the creation of the European Court of Human Rights was a formidable idea. Over the years, the court has deliberated on a lot of issues. This is a direct result of law application and understanding (Keller & Sweet, 2008) . However, despite this positive strides, there a some areas that have been left behind. As a result, laws have been misinterpreted, a myriad of cases pending, threats of

Enhancing community intergration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Enhancing community intergration - Essay ExampleKennedy signed the law requiring states to begin commit in community-based mental health programs rather than funding state institutions for treating individuals with mental illness, the promise remains unrealisedIn the modern times, meaning of community and its involvement is fast thinning. There is no doubt that we spicy in a deprived sense of loss of community. Sociologists have untiringly pointed out this bereavement of modern times.Maurice Steins 1960 re interpret of major(ip) sociological and anthropological community studies concludes with the central finding of a disappearance of the sense of community among residents of the towns studies (Stein 1960), Rossi (2001, p.32). steady though olden days had their share of mental ill health, modern times of stress and caudex have thrown up a plethora of mental health problems for people of all ages, particularly for the elderly. Mental health problems could be actually unvoiced f or the afflicted person and for his family. As it is mostly a life span problem, with certain relief combined with cure, or sometimes simply progressive, the problem has to be faced for years and decades.Mental health problems cannot be faced in isolation. It needs help from family, school, and more than importantly from community and society. ... It is not an individual problem either. It is the problem of community and society and should be tough so. fellowship has to take fair share of its responsibility because a person going through a mental sickness, or being cured and coming out of it, has a right to expect come apart and more considerate treatment from community around him. Treatment meted out to him by the community get out be taken as standard measurement of his achievement in being cured, or the need of it. Reaction of the community and people around him could send an individual reeling back into serious and more difficult mental problems, or can encourage him to co me out of it. Afflicted person in his despair of future and helplessness leave behind be very watchful and wary of people around him. He would clutch at any kindness, but could turn violent or morose at the very hint of discrimination or ridicule. Mary and Andrew are mother and son, and the son is afflicted by the abject Schizophrenia. We learn from his own words that Andrew treats his mental inadequacies as a form of education and a boon. He feels that he would never come out of his childhood, and experiences the complete happiness of childhood any time again, will never ask for better things and get disillusioned. He has his hobbies, his pets, his ideas and in his pocket-sized world he is happy. Community around him had been understanding and cooperative and there lies the real root of Andrews fulfilment. Is Andrew deceiving himself or taking a brighter view of his very difficult-to-cure mental problem It could be anything. But the fact remains that Andrew is happy in the small community, in their house along with his mother Mary. He could be blocking out the difficulties of the

Coffee Drinking Habits Essay Example for Free

Coffee tipsiness Habits EssayKantar Medias Global TGI research (www. ball-shapedtgi. com) has explored drinking chocolate berry consumption in different countries, as branches of global coffee berry house chains become a permanent fixture in even the roughly far-flung corners of the world. Perhaps surprisingly for a nation once renowned for its tea-drinking, consumers in Great Britain be some of the most likely to visit a cafe for their caffeine fix, report researchers. They share this role with Italians and, among the eight countries analysed, are beaten only by people in Israel, where 75% of respondents visit coffee shops, reports Kantar. The research also reveals the ongoing debate as to the virtues of instant versus filter coffee is alive and well. Whereas 86% of Italians drink proper coffee, only 6% of them pass on consider using instant. Israelis are the highest consumers of instant coffee at 80%, followed by Russians at 72%. Great Britain and Turkey scored low on the terra firma coffee scale, with 19% and 15% respectively. This research confirms in GB people tend to go to coffee shops for the real deal and are generally content with instant coffee at home, verbalize Kantar. imbibing coffee, whether at home or in a cafe, instant or filter, is a global pastime, said Tracy Allnutt, head of commercial development at Global TGI. Global TGI provides brand owners with a flavour for how their market strategies should differ by country in order that they reflect the needs of the target market. The research is the world-class in a series of Factoids produced by Kantar Medias Global TGI. Scheduled bi-monthly and covering topical issues, they will provide bite-size pieces of information for brand managers in between the more in-depth Dispatches reports undertaken by the company.

14-year old girl was found unconscious near Expo Center Essay Example for Free

14-year old girl was found unconscious near Expo midst analyseKARACHI An earthquake of magnitude 4.6 on the Richter scale rocked the coastal city of Karachi and adjacent areas late on Monday night. gibe to the seismic center, the epicenter of the quake was 10 kilometers deep in Hub, Balochistan he police on Monday night identified those six deceased people whose bodies were found dumped . caravansary was strangled to death by unknown people along with his wife Nadia Amer and three sons Roman Khan, Adam Khan and Haider Khan and his 24-year-old servant. According to sources, Ameerullah Khan, a millionaire, was the the owner of real estate worth millions of rupees in Peshawar. Reportedly, he was not only prosecute in a dispute with his brother and brother-in-law over the ownership of the property but was also receiving threats from husbandry mafia. KARACHI Eid-ul-Azha today (Tuesday) is being celebrated in Saudi Arabia besides Gulf, European, Far Eastern countries, US and Eur ope, Eid-ul-Azha pull up stakes be celebrated in Pakistan tomorrow Wednesday, while the Pakistani expatriates in US and Europe exchangeable our northern areas would also be celebrating deuce eids, as some of them slaughtering sacrificial animals on Tuesday, while others would be doing so on Wednesday.See more Sleep Deprivation Problem Solution Speech EssayISLAMABAD Pakistani troops primal Tuesday morning responded to the unprovoked firing by Indian forces crosswise the Line of Control (LoC) and reduced them to silence, The sources further said that Pakistans tit-for-tat retaliation forced the enemy to retreat to its bunkers.capital of the United Kingdom Malala Yousafzai, the Pakistani schoolgirl who wasshot in the head by the Taliban for her advocacy of girls education, was awarded the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought on thorium by the European Parliament. Ms. Yousafzai was chosen as the winner of the $65,000 Sakharov Prize by the heads of the political groupings in the 766 -member European Parliament. LONDON The Pakistani police arrested Pervez Musharraf, the nations former military ruler, on thorium, opening a new criminal prosecution against him that frustrated plans by his supporters to fly him out of Pakistan.Muhammad Rizwan, a senior capital of Pakistan police official, told reporters that Mr. Musharraf would remain under house arrest at his villa outside Islamabad, where he has been confined since April. It is not clear, however, whether the court order represents a major obstacle to Mr. Musharrafs plans to leave Pakistan, or a interim one. deadlysiege of the Red Mosque in Islamabad in 2007.A Pakistani court granted bail on Wednesday to Pervez Musharraf, the countrys former military ruler, clearing the way for him to leave the country as early as Thursday, his lawyers said. Mr. Musharraf, 70, has been under house arrest at his villa outside Islamabad since April, facing criminal charges in three cases related to his nine years in power, from 1999 to 2008. Mr. Musharraf had already been granted bail in two of the three cases, and the decision on Wednesday to grant bail in the third related to the death of Akbar Khan Bugti, a Baluch nationalist leader killed in a military operation opens the door for him to avoid prosecution entirely. Mr. Musharrafs lawyers said that his bail payment of $20,000 could be processed as early as Thursday morning he could then leave Pakistan immediately.

Judicial term Essay Example for Free

Judicial term EssayForum non stratagem is a judicial term used for an inconvenient place of judicial trials for one of the parties involved in the cutting. In judicial trials if parties involved are not satisfied for the place where their case will be executed they can take a motion to dismiss the case on the basis of assembly non conveniens. Any parties involved in the case can submit a proof that the current meeting place is not sufficient or suitable for them.Instead another place (forum) is to a greater extent suitable for their case and the dismissal of the case in the current forum is more in favor of both the parties than carrying discover in the same forum, and the alternative forum is suitable for both the parties. All the factors of the plaintiffs and suspects interest involved in the finale of dismissal are considered. The balancing between the parties essential be equal and favoring them. The facts involved in the forum non convenience grounds are weighed befor e the decision is taken. Also the convenience of court and the justice itself is considered.Whether it would be convenient to dismiss the case and carried out in another forum would be an appropriate step itself? If it satisfies the needs of both the parties and justice would be more balanced in an alternative forum then court has the right to dismiss the case on the forum non conveniens. This also involves that the new forum will not pose up new sheers for some(prenominal) of the parties involved. The plaintiff and defendants must be satisfied with the new forum and will not make it an issue when the trial will be conducted.

Social Isolation and the Female, Live in Domestic Worker in South Africa Essay Example for Free

complaisant Isolation and the Female, Live in Domestic Worker in due south Africa EssayIn a world which tends to discriminate against race, sex activity and degree, m whatsoever b wishing, female, lower class women face an uphill battle in day to day life. Those who manage to find employment often work as domesticated doers in the homes of the much elite. These women often serve legion(predicate) roles within a household such as nanny, keep in line and cleaner. Many of these women become bear in maids for the convenience of their employers. This oeuvre takes a qualitative approach in examining why these women argon prepared to leave their families and face such societal isolation. Using iodine womens story of life as a weather in domestic worker this battlefield delves into the veracity of day to day life in post apartheid southern most(prenominal) Africa. This allows one a unique probability into a personal perspective of those previously disadvantaged and e ven though the sample is not epic enough to generalize with the study is germane(predicate) in that it posts a framework and the motivation to pursue foster studies in this area. unity moldiness also take into account that even though one persons experiences whitethorn be narrow, their perspectives may reflect those of a greater population and t presentfore essential always be considered relevant in some way.Literature Review Many female South African domestic workers live in the houses of their employers. This may be isolating and lonely for some. This qualitative study seeks to observe the effect this has on ladies who are particularly far from their families. Many domestic workers in South Africa are migrants from upper Africa who are already culturally secluded, by becoming live in they may experience social and class isolation. This interview tells the story of a female live in domestic worker who, although South African, has seeed her job more than ten hours away from her family and support network.The key issue here is social isolation. For one to be socially isolated one is living without companionship, social support and connexion. One has no one to treat to for day to crisis and it is not surprising that the stress of such a position is associated with poorer health. It is also associated with things like poor life meaning, levels of satisfaction and well being. The socially isolated even score a higher consumption of health care resources and unfortunately fare badly in groovy interventions such as cardiovascular surgery.The socially isolated are far more highly conjugate to mental illness, distress, dementia, suicide and premature death (Hawthorne, 2006). Social isolation is thusly a grave event and with findings like this the western ritual of paying domestic workers to live in and possibly in turn become socially isolated should seek ethical approval. Social Isolation In Graeme Hawthornes study he points out that social isolation i s most connected to personal relationships, or rather lack in that respectof.He points out that within this things like neighbourhood friendliness, social initiation, geographic location and ethnicity play a large role in determining isolation. Ethnicity plays a large role in the social isolation of a domestic worker because although interacting with others they are not nearly those of their own ethnicity. Hawthornes study investigates the rigour of a psychometric scale to measure social isolation and then defines the concept well, giving one a well rounded perception of this sort of isolation.His study found that the friendship scale was a tried and true tool when measuring social isolation and would therefore prove to be an interesting southwardment measure when aspect at social isolation of female domestic workers in South Africa (Hawthorne, 2006). To follow up this quantitative explore with a reliable psychometric scale may yield brimfull results. This together with a larger sample of domestic workers would make this study far more reliable and conclusive.In interviewing one participant many gaps are left, for instance this case shows a very irrefutable employer-employee relationship however this cannot simply be generalized to the rest of the South African population and therefore cannot be used for much in the line of determining where change is needed. Race, gender, class post apartheid changes. Race, gender and class come up in any study such as this, especially when the uncouth has a history a rife of that of South Africa.Although these jaundiced themes are still a grievous issue in South Africa, historical studies do show that things may become improved immensely since even the late apartheid era. A study by Hickson and Strous (1993) depicts a far worse picture than the results of this interview, with know lack of care for the humanity of the worker, poor live in living conditions and low, often non-monetory salaries (Hickson Strou s, 1993). This study shows a problem which has to a large extent littleened with many domestic workers well supported by the families for which they work.Shireen Ally goes as far as to say that post apartheid South Africa has launched one of the most across-the-board efforts to protect domestic workers. These efforts have surely paid off in many ways as pay in itself has improved on a great scale. Just the fact that domestic workers are politically recognized and are able to form unions was a big step out of the apartheid age (Ally, 2008). A later study by Jennifer Fish shows that although social change on a humanity level has dramatically revolutionised, the micro scale of everyday interactions still has a dour way to go. hence although things have changed in certain areas many domestic workers are still being subjected to very discriminatory treatment as a result of their race, class or gender (Fish, 2006). Due to these present and past discriminations there remains an air of elitism among employers. This air may serve as a barrier to connectedness between employer and employee. This lack of connectedness to those around the live in employee leads to social isolation with grave consequences. The live in dometic worker A study by Hondagneu-Sotelo shows some benefits of domestic workers who do not live in.It provides an interesting alternate perspective. This study followed immigrant Mexican women in California. These women are isolated from their culture, country and often family. however the fact that they are not live in provides them with networking opportunities. They mostly work numorous jobs a week and in doing so interact with many other women who, although not always even similar in ethnicity, provide a support structure for each other. This structure helps the women to learn skills like negotiating fair pay and more importantly provides them with connectedness and social interaction (Hondagneu-Sotelo, 1994).This study when compared to studies o n live in domestic workers may yield a more healthy and ethical alternative and therefore is very relevant to this topic. method This studied used a qualitative approach to research. Such an approach allows for great depth of research rather than great breadth. Qualitative research allows for more understanding into why people behave in certain ways or how they think rather than focussing simply on what they do or believe (Ambert, Adler, Adler Detzner, 1995). This makes it suitable for research on the attitudes and perspectives of the less heard groups of people, like domestic workers.It allows for true feelings and attitudes to be revealed and therefore gives far greater insight into the life and trials of a domestic worker. The method used to reserve information was that of a semi organize interview. This is an interview guided by apparent movements besides not rigorously so. It is a highly beneficial means in many ways. It obtains macu relevant information, the audience is specifically targeted, it is structured to allow comparisons, can be used on sensitive topics, and allows for new areas of interest to emerge as one is able to diverge from the topic if necessary.The disadvantages however are that interviewing skills are required and that it is a beat consuming and resource intensive process. There is also always a risk of interviewer bias as the interviewer is a just a human being interacting with another human being (Cozby, 2005). The participant in this study was a 53 year old black lady from originally Vryburg. She is the domestic worker of my fathers girlfriend and therefore has had much contact with me prior to the interview.Although she was a very involuntary participant this may have affected the way in which she answered questions. She was promised complete confidentiality which should have helped her to feel at ease to say what she wants, however there is still the possibility she may have held back especially in regard to her feelings about her employer, you may notice she only said positive things about this which leaves room for the repudiate negative. However she seemed comfortable and relaxed throughout the interview.Being from a higher class to that of the participant may have limited the interview somewhat. The interviewee may have felt I cannot relate to her and therefore shared less of her experiences. Perhaps in further research of this kind it would be beneficial to train ex-domestic workers to conduct interviews. By doing so the participant would stand on common ground with the interviewer. Although the participants English was extremely good it is not her first wording and perhaps if I were able to conduct the interview in her first language it ould have been more welcoming and she might have expressed herself far better.Results The interview shed sportsmanlike on five major themes. These themes may not all be entirely relevant to the question posed, however thats the beauty of qualitative research , one often finds far more than one was looking for and this opens up new areas to be researched. Gender, class race do It became apparent that the participant views of herself and capabilities were constructed closely around what would be expected of a black, lower class women.She aspired to nursing and then as a second resort chose domestic work. Passive acceptance Throughout the interview the participant never once shows a strong desire to change her situation even though she does not seem entirely pleasant with it. She accepts the situation and does not seem to see a way out of it. Isolation The participant admits to lacking to be around her family. She very rarely socializes with someone she calls a friend and this lack of companionship must be very lonely. Self sacrificeThe participant seems to feel that even though she is not pleasant the fact that she is able to support her family is enough for her. This may link up to the theme of gender in that as a women she may feel her happiness is less important than serving her husband and family. funds capital is a large theme that appeared in this study. The participant mentions it numerous times and it seems highly relevant in her job satisfaction. Being able to support her family financially appears more important than being there with them. This theme also fits in with that of self sacrifice.Discussion Some of these themes that arose relate closely to the literature reviewed. Race, class and gender tie in closely with the literature on domestic work during apartheid and the after effects thereof. Having constructed her hopes around what a person of her position should expect to hope for she has left no room for disappointment and is possibly protecting herself. This is perhaps a coping method. The participant seems to identify the positive in most situation, thereby holding onto the all the dignity and satisfaction possible.This study however broke away from any literature which depicted the new Sou th Africa as still lacking change on a micro level. The participant seems well looked after by her employee and seems to like this aspect of her career, miss X has helped my family alot all over the years. Social isolation becomes clear throughout the interview. As Hawthorne says social isolation occurs as a result of a lack of personal relationships, and this is very apparent in the life of the participant (Hawthorne, 2006).She seems to long for her family, if I could live with my family that would be better . This could be having serious effects on her health as she ages. Although the participant seems to think being a live in domestic is beneficial in her case, Hondagneu-Sotelo argues that the social networks developed amongst part time workers are highly beneficial and supportive to women who are otherwise isolated. Money and benefits seem to stand out almost the most in this study.In asking questions unrelated to notes the participant answers saying that the pay is good, sho wing the great emphasis she puts on it. This theme is the most apparent answer to the research question posed. The participants main reason for being forgeting to isolate herself from her family, culture and class is money. She wants nothing more than to support her family and make sure her children are educated. The fact that her employer is bounteous and she has been able to do this leaves her at terms with her social isolation.Further research into her stress and isolation levels at a quantitative or psychometric level my yield clearer results, this study however demonstrates that there is a ground for such research and that it may be beneficial. Physical health tests of live in as opposed to live out domestic workers may also lead to interesting literature on this matter. Conclusion This study has therefore provided an in depth account of a problem which possibly demands more consideration, showing that some women are prepared to sacrifice almost their whole life in hostelry to support their loved ones inancially. Although the situation shown here is somewhat undesirable this study has also depicted many positive changes of the post 1994 South Africa with the participant saying she is looked after well by her employee. This study therefore not only met its aim of finding out why women are prepared to live in, but also uncovered other interesting research areas. Hopefully in the future these other topics will be covered more extensively.

Supply and Demand Essay Example for Free

Supply and Demand EssayVarious factors, including fluctuations such as increases or decreases in determines, can cause a change in deliver and essential as well. This paper will attempt to discuss different economic principles and factors and how they ar affected by change. In the current situation, GoodLife Management manages seven rental properties in the city of Atlantis, and over the course of 7 years has to be flexible with its pricing due to changes in demand. Economics is literally defined as the study of how human beings coordinate their wants and desires, given the decision-making mechanisms, social customs, and political realities of society (Colander, D. C., 2010). Simply put, economics focuses on three things 1) what, and how much, to produce 2) how to produce it and 3) who to produce it for. Microeconomics is the study of individual choice, and how that choice is influenced by economic forces darn macroeconomics is the study of the economy as a whole (Colander, D.C., 2010).When looking to microeconomic principles, scarcity is the first that comes to mind. The much than scarce a service or product, the more the supplier will be able to bitch for it. In the situation at hand, when the influx of employees began coming to Atlantis, GoodLife was able to raise the prices of their flatcars. Consumers had the choice of whether to rent the apartment for the price given, or go to a neighboring town, where the price might not be as high. A rise in the population of Atlantis led to a greater demand for housing. This in revoke contributed to the rise in rental prices. Next would be opportunity costs, which is the benefit that you might adopt gained from choosing the next-best pick (Colander, D.C., 2010). Again, this comes down to consumer choices. If someone could live in a neighboring town and pay less rent, they would have a longer commute whereas if they lived in Atlantis in the GoodLife apartments, they would pay more for rent, but have mo re time to spend with family due to the lack of commute.On the other hand, macroeconomic principles include the invisible hand, and economic forces. Economic forces are a reaction to scarcity. The economic reaction of GoodLife could be one of two it could lour prices to entice consumers to rent its apartments instead of going to neighboring communities. If consumers were, indeed, paying the price for apartments and there were not galore(postnominal) left, GoodLife could also raise the price of those apartments because there are not as many to choose from. hidden hand is the principle that gives more power to the supplier of something that is in short supply (Colander, D.C., 2010). If there are not many apartments left to rent because the majority of them are all rented, and there are more interested consumers than apartments, the invisible hand says that GoodLife can raise the price and get a higher subsidy for those apartments because of the demand.A shift in the demand curve in this simulation is when GoodLife needed to have a 15% vacancy rate. In cabaret to do this, it lowered apartment rental prices, thereby change magnitude the demand for the apartments. A shift in the supply curve occurred when GoodLife raised the prices of their apartments to $1,550 per month in order to cover maintenance fees for all apartments. They were able to supply more apartments at this rate. Housing prices in my theatre of operations have incubated to drop because there is a large supply, however there is not shortly a demand. Until consumers begin purchasing houses again at a fairly consistent rate, the prices will continue to stay low.Once people begin consistently purchasing homes again, the prices will begin to rise blanket up. The price elasticity of demand for goods and commodities determines a consumers behavior in the event of a price change. Products which are price elastic will experience dramatic movements in demand in receipt to price changes. If prices a re lowered, consumers will demand more of the product however, if prices increase, consumer demands for the product will be lower. Suppliers who supply goods that are price elastic will deliver fewer units to the market when prices fall, and more if prices rise.ReferencesColander, D. C. (2010). Economics (8th ed.). rising York, NY McGraw-Hill. Investopedia (n.d.) Economics Basics Demand and Supply. Retrieved from Investopedia.com, http//www.investopedia.com/university/economics/economics3.aspaxzz1x3HdbLol

The Five Factors of Operation Management Essay Example for Free

The Five Factors of Operation Management see1.0Executive Summary There are four physical process objectives in Penang Mutiara which is quantity, advance, dependability and flexibility. Quantity is the number of goods or serve. This article, I illustrate the way the hotel management, dodging and long-term strategy to promote the hotel.2.0 Introduction Mutiara B distributively remedy Penang heralds a rising standard for Asian resort hotels. Located on a prime beachfront at Teluk Bahang, oppositewise known as the glowing bay, it nestles in 7.3 hectares (18 acres) of landscaped tropical greenery. All 438 of its spacious entourage enjoy sea and garden views. Here in this paradise of comfort and luxury, it has been claimed that postcode is unusual. The name Mutiara subject matter pearl and is also a term of endearment in the Malay language. A perfect description for an exceptional resort with a lively Malaysian personality. Manned by a team of innovative and go through sta ff, Penang Mutiaras service reflects Meritus Hotel Resorts efficacy and tradition of friendly hospitality.13.0Competitve Priorities of the Organization and Business Level Strategy This part of the strategy characterd to manage stress Wernie Pearl Hotel in Penang. How to implement the strategy, and making the hotels long-term strategy.3.1 Make for sure that the way he manages the hotel is appropriate to the way it competes for pedigree Penang Mutiara, macrocosm one of the most prestigious hotels in Penang, has managed to secure a foothold in this lucrative and risquely competitive environment. Wernie has the vision and very constitute focused beliefs about the importance of running an powerful operation where customers have every right to quest for first class service which they are obliged to proffer for.For cleave a biggest development and get more(prenominal) success, Penang Mutiara has to Expand its transaction in other areas to acquire more market shares against ot her high-toned and strong competitors in the whole Asia region, or even in the world. entreat the differentiation, high standard select and characteristic hotel services, and comfortable environment for customers. Pitch itself as an up-market end hotel business that targets customers are those who are high income and high consuming individuals, and the high class business and political unions or organizations.3.2 Implement any metamorphose in strategy Through concessions and travel companies, marine theme park and Wildlife Park and other business alliances, film companies, golf or car clubs, hotels, is tourism, entertainment, commercial exploitation, and a set consisting relaxation. Complete basic services such(prenominal)(prenominal) as transport line services wireless Internet access. A variety of services, such as the provision to touch different customers different needs of holiday travel package succession meeting market different packages a variety of food types. The regi stration form and who can provide more free services or the price of the latest promotions and receive a loyal element of the discharger. Expand existing business to developing e-business alliance other hotels in other areas.3.3 Develop his operation so that it drives the long-term strategy of the hotel Building and developing hotel website, including introduction of hotel services, traffic map, resource and promotion information, engagement on line, requirement and feedback of customer, online payment Develop Statistical Process control (SPC) for measuring the service type, evaluate of customers satisfaction and complaint, cost controlling, deciding for new services which match with customers changing demands Develop a top-down strategy to reflect what the hotels vision and mission, changing strategies, requirement.Building an automatic system to improve reliable and speed that ensuring JIT for collecting remediate information of customer requirement, conveniently e-pay, deli vering and exchanging information for corresponding with each departments, ensuring security Offer continual training for staff to improve the standard quality of services, English and foreign languages speaking, handling these new automatic system and internet using Adding the advertisement through TV, internet, high-income reader journal or mien magazines and newspaper Keeping and developing a high standard quality and low cost bring home the bacon chain which including ensuring purchasing at the right quality, fast delivery, retaining flexibility, right prices collecting and utilizing resources form internet or global building physical distribution management and internet keeping a high quality materials building a good relation ship with suppliers.4.0 How five capital punishment objectives might have congenital benefits? 4.1 Quality Quality is placed first in our list of performance objectives because many authorities intrust it to be the most meaning(a). There are two imp ortant points to remember when reading the section on quality as a performance objective. The external affect of good quality within in operations is that the customers who consume the operations products and services will have less (or nothing) to complain about. And if they have nothing to complain about they will (presumably) be happy with their products and services and are more likely to consume them again. This brings in more revenue for the company (or clients satisfaction in a not-for-profit organization).4.11 Quality increases dependability effective quality leads to stable and efficient processes that less mistake, easy for coordination for matching the standard of processes, dependable and advanced equipments and tools to use adds dependability for internal customers,.4.12 Quality reduces cost It reduces cost for Mutiara due to it is fewer the chance to make mistakes. first off it saves the time to sort out the problem, redoing or correcting mistakes, or to reducing wa teriness or irritation for each people second, it also reduces the aim cost. Dispelling some serious troubles or problem everlastingly needs more staffs or more time to do it, thus, it results in the labor cost added, such as part-time salary, overtime compensation. The more minimizing mistake, the more minimize the excess labor costs to pay for doing excess whole shebang third, less mistake and using top-class and durable materials also result in saving expenditures such as maintaining fee, cost of materials resulted by mistakes , transporting fees, and other excess expenditures.4.2 Speed Speed is a shorthand way of utter Speed of response. It means the time between an external or internal customer requesting a product or service, and them getting it. Again, there are internal and external affects. Externally speed is important because it helps to respond quickly to customers. Again, this is usually viewed positively by customers who will be more likely to upshot with more bu siness. Sometimes also it is possible to charge higher prices when service is fast. The postal service in most countries and most transportation and delivery services charge more for faster delivery.4.3 dependableness Dependability means being on time. In other weaken-and-takes, customers receive their products or services on time. Externally (no matter how it is defined) dependability is generally regarded by customers as a good thing. Certainly being late with delivery of goods and services can be a considerable irritation to customers. Especially with business customers, dependability is a particularly important criterion used to determine whether suppliers have their contracts renewed. So, again, the external affects of this performance objective are to increase the chances of customers returning with more business. Internally dependability has an affect on cost. delay the figure below pic4.31 Dependability gives stability Dependability fixes the time and costs overcoming th e disruption, enhancing the trust for planning whole kit and boodle and collaborating with each operation.4.31Dependability saves money Ineffectively arrangement will translate pointless cost. Reliability arrangement trim down duplication of resources or inputs left some unused resources to maintain or increase storage costs, labor costs or opportunity costs.4.4 Flexibility This is a more complex objective because we use the word flexibility to mean so many different things. The important point to remember is that flexibility always means being able to change the operation in some way.4.4.1 Flexibility saves resources concord to the specific conditions of the objects or actions and resources re-arrangements can sometimes prevent the unnecessary duplication of planning, consumption and use of resources, such as time, capital, labor, the traditional way of doing things to do.4.4.2 Flexibility increase speed of response Being able to give fast service for customers depends on the op eration being flexible. Flexible operations speedily transfer extra skilled staff and equipment to the urgent conditions and emergencies will provide the fast service with other operations needs.4.5 be Cost means do things cheaply. To Mutiara hotel, it means keeping an appropriate cost for keeping the operations effective running. All of other objectives affect cost.Flexible operations leads to quickly make changes or decisions for changing conditions and overcomes disrupting the other operation. Flexible operation inside can also change tasks timely without squander time and capacity. alert operations cuts down the in-process inventory level and also saving the cost of administrative overheads. High-quality operations prevents wasting time, re-do things, or flowed service which would be inconvenient for internal customers. Dependable operation protects the normal orders dont be confusion by any unwelcome surprises on internal customers. It ensures delivery exact and reliable. Th is limits uneconomical disruption and improves the efficiency of micro operations.5.0 Conclusion Penang Pearl article Wernie hotel management business management model is a exemplary example. we can find a companys operating performance on quality, speed, reliability, flexibility, and cost five goals. And how to use the correct management and planning strategy to manage the company more perfect. The operation objective is the way how the hotel operates on certain intention. Usually these objectives are used to cover mistakes or to solve problems within the hotel premises. Especially when the objectives is to meet the customers needs. The action that is taken is the way to solve the problems of certain criteria will be trained to the staff of the hotel.

Christian Views on Racial Harmony and Religious Free

Christian Views on Racial Harmony and Religious Freedom auditionSt. Paul taught Christians that other races and religions were equal in the eyes of idol. It is through faith that all of you ar Gods sons in union with Christ deliveryman. You were baptized into union with Christ, and now you are clothed, so to speak, with the liveliness of Christ himself. So there is no difference between Jews and Gentiles, between slaves and free work force, between men and women you are all one in union with Christ delivery boy. It is because conceptualizers share a love of Jesus that they are equal, St Paul says.The Bible opens up with a description of God creating humans in his sustain image, therefore, Christians believe that everybody should be respected as Gods creation. This means that prejudice and racism are wrong. There are more more teachings in the Old and New testaments which reinforce this, like the hot Samaritan. Most modern Christians believe that people should be free to follow whatever they like, or none at all. There are, however, three different Christian approaches to religious freedom.Exclusivism Some people are excluded from heaven. Jesus said I am the way, the truth, and the life, no one goes to the father except by me. Some Christians believe this means that only those who follow Christian beliefs can go to heaven. Inclusivism Some Christians believe that while all religions can help to reach god, only Christianity has the complete answer. This is because Jesus taught that people should believe in him to protrude to heaven, and only Christians believe in Jesus as the Son of God.This is often the view held by roman type Catholic Christians. While other faiths should be respected, the right path should be explained to them. Pluralism There are many religions. Some Christians believe that all religions will lead to God, none is superior and none is wrong. People are free to followthe way that suits them best. These Christians do not regar d the Bible as the word of God, further rather as holy writings like many other sacred books. These Christains do not think they should try to persuade people to change their religion.

Quality and Risk Scenario Essay Example for Free

Quality and Risk Scenario EssayThe HIM professed(prenominal) toilet have a direct impact on the quality or compliance of specific operations or employees in spite of appearance a healthc are institution. Health cope institutions, such as hospitals, merchant ship be capacious institutions made up of hundreds or level thousands of treatment or operation specific eye sockets operation. This can take eitherthing from the surgeon who performs coronary artery bypass to the neonatal intensive care nurse who directly cares for attempt newborns to the physical plant worker who makes sure in altogether the lights in the building stay on and the in operation(p) room is maintained at a indisputable temperature. As an over each(prenominal) in all institution the thought of identifying abide by and liability within the organization can be quite overwhelming and daunting. The best way to onset this is to break things bug out into specific roll in the hays or areas and t ension on one thing at a meter, with the overall goal to be improving quality and cut down risk to the institution. This paper will focus on cardinal specific scenarios that represent an area of risk and liability for the institution.These three scenarios will hold the safety of contrast transfusions within a hospital, acquiting with power failure risks within a hospital and using operational adjudgelists to improve employee efficiency, consistency and reducing the human factor of making mistakes. Scenario one is to be specific to a scenario involving patient care and safety. The specific discussion here will be the ingestion of race transfusions within the hospital setting. This is a procedure that has been done for dozens of years even as medical science has made tremendous progress.The reality is that science just hasnt found a synthetic way to carry oxygen by the course stream and blood infusions still stay on today the best way to do just that. While the best proced ure out in that location for this, blood infusions dont come without their risks and financial impacts. A landing field by the University Healthcare pond analyzed over 29,000 blood transfusions over a 7 year period from 2003-2009 (Williams, 2011). These transfusions ranged anywhere from plan routine outpatient surgeries to unexpected traumatic injuries brought in through the emergency room.The analysis identified many an(prenominal) risks associated with blood transfusions, including poorly determi accept staff, lack of trained staff, minor hemolytic allergic reactions all the way up to severe anaphylactic reactions. The vignette was even able to identify that the time of day that the transfusion was performed could positively or negatively affect the patient payoff. So, while this can be a lifesaving procedure a blood transfusion should not be taken lightly.Another study published in the April, 2012 distinguish of the professional journal Anesthesiology was conducted by Jo hns Hopkins Hospital analyzing the outcomes of over 3000 patients who received blood transfusions. This study reveals that measuring the haemoglobin take aim in patients can be an accurate indicator of when a patient should receive a blood transfusion. This is a significant study because it could have a positive effect on twain patient outcome and the financial costs involved in giving a blood transfusion.The Johns Hopkins study revealed that patients were being given blood transfusions when they really didnt hire it. A normal hemoglobin level ranges between 12-14 and the study reveals that a level as low as 7 or 8 is safe. Prior to this study the leading specialty societies, including the FOCUS research group (Functional Outcomes in Cardivascular patients Undergoing Surgury), set parameters that transfusions were in spades needed if the hemoglobin was below 7 and probably did not need a transfusion if the hemoglobin was 10 or above.But nobody ever set any parameters on what to do if the hemoglobin ranged between 7 and 10. This left the physician to decide when to start a blood transfusion. The Johns Hopkins study revealed that because of this roughly physicians always erred in the side of safety by ordering a transfusion any time the hemoglobin was at or below 10. But the Hopkins study has now getd that a hemoglobin of 7 or 8 can be considered safe. Giving blood to patients who have a hemoglobin above 7 orders no real benefit and truth is that the risk due to side personal effects may actually be increased.Remember that this procedure has been in issue for decades and this new research was a game salmagundir. The benefits to a hospital from the Hopkins study are tremendous. The study revealed that the costs to the hospital for one unit (300ml) of blood can cost as much as $1,100. While the donor gives the blood for dissolve it must be analyzed for toxic diseases including Hepatitis and HIV (IMVS 2012). The blood is then separated into red blood ce lls, platelets and plasma, to be distributed specifically where needed.Include the storage and transportation costs and you can start to understand wherefore blood is so expensive. Only giving blood when truly indicated has been shown to reduce the use of blood by up to 66% per institution with no change in outcomes to the patient including length of stay, heart attack, stroke, death, and even the ability to walk (Clark, 2012). This is where the HIM professional can come into tactical maneuver. The HIM can take research articles like this or even acquire their own research and then do training to educate the hospital staff.The Hopkins tudy indicated that when the HIM rung directly with the surgeons and showed them the research there was a tendency to accept the new mindset and start delaying blood transfusions until the patient hemoglobin dropped below 7. This resulted in extra blood supply for those patients who truly need it and a significant reduced in operation(p) cost to th e institution. Its the HIMs job to establish or change procedures that reflect changing and beneficial modalities and to get the information out to the hospital physicians and staff so they can help reduce institutional costs and ultimately benefit their own livelihood.This process can be done for hundreds or even thousands of processes currently in place within a hospital institution. right off we move on from our blood transfusion scenario to one involving the infrastructure of the hospital. The specific example to be utilize here is the hospital power supply. Hurricane Sandy revealed for many healthcare institutions in the north eastern unite deposits that they were not as prepared as they thought. Some of these hospitals did have emergency reservoirs in place, but they did no straightforward for providing electrical energy when they were located in the basement of the building submerged in water from the flood.sometimes it takes a real catastrophe for us to truly see how p repared we really are and how to improve. Its crucial that a hospital be able to maintain electricity at all times. roughly every part of the building depends on electricity for staff to function and take care of their patients. Without electricity the lights wont work, the furnace and air conditioners wont work, the pumps wont pump water through the pipes, ventilators will s spinning top working and elevators wont even be able to transfer frame patients between floors. These are some examples, but surely you can find many more failures if you feel hard enough.For this reason, it is important that a hospital evaluate and have a plan in place to reduce the possibility of losing electricity and similarly have a plan in place if all safe guards fail. The concerns can truly be specific to a geographic area. For example, a hospital in the Midwest may not have to worry much about being hit by a hurricane, but it could be hit by a tornado. I spoke with hospital executive Robyn Mazzolin i at Advocate Lutheran General Hospital in Park Ridge, Illinois regarding how their hospital has addressed the issue of maintaining electricity to the facility.Robyn indicated that there were three specific issues of highest concern. They included the loss of power from the local utility company, flood of the existing generators in the basement of the main hospital and damage from tornados. Robyn indicated that about ten years ago the hospital installed a generator in the basement of the main building that is capable of providing power to the inviolate ten story hospital, including all lights and HVAC. The problem was that the unit was very greathearted and heavy and, as a result, had to be installed in the basement.A second generator was installed right next to the first to act as a backup generator should they lose power from the power company. These generators are also designed to lock in on both natural gas or stored gasoline in the payoff the gas lines rick compromised. This seemed to solve 90% of the scenarios that could come up. Then the neighboring community experienced a flood that unsympathetic down utilities for days and a few weeks in some areas. The hospital was concerned that they would be closed in(p) down in the event of a flood in their generator rooms in the basement.So, they added a ternion generator inside a remote area on the south perimeter of the hospital. This generator is located inside a concrete structure three floors above fuse level. This is a smaller generator that will run specific areas in order for the hospital to stay functional. For example, this generator only supplies certain lights so that there is always enough visibility to operate. It also is designed to operate all electronics in the operating rooms, emergency room and critical care areas so there is no compromise to patient care.On the remaining medical floors there is one or two red dreary electric outlets that operate off this third generator. In additi on, this generator is not connected in any way to the basement level so that it can power the upper floors of the hospital even if the ground level is buried under 20 feet of water. The third generator is also enclosed in walls of built concrete with the thought that it could withstand a tornado. It was the HIM and the HIT who were involved in the process to help determine the essential power needs of the hospital.The HIM evaluated the staff and the various facilities to determine that they could function treating most patients as prospicient as there was one dedicated outlet within each patient room. The HIT also identified that the operating rooms, critical care areas and emergency room pretty much needed full-of-the-moon power capabilities no matter what. The HIM and facilities managers both have a critical role in communicating the needs of the patients, staff and hospital to the engineers, administrators and building designers.And while Lutheran General Hospital was able to a uthorise millions to prepare for a power disruption and pretty much covered every scenario, they still need to be ready to operate should all power to the facility cease. It is the HIM who can evaluate the various areas of the hospital based on resources, staffing and needs to determine the most critical issues to address first in the event of a total power failure. This takes a lot of time and energy and is probably an evolving process as conditions and resources change.But, in the end, it is the HIM professional who is able to connect all the dots to help bring the best solution for the organization. The third and final scenario presented here is related to staffing and how the HIM can help reduce risk and liability when it comes to the behavior of hospital staff. Hospital employees by their human nature are susceptible to making mistakes or forgetting to do certain things in the course of their patient care. Every health care institution, and any other business for that matter, s trives to find ways to provide the best service possible to its customers.The challenge in improving service and reducing liability is finding a process that actually works. Ohio State University Medical Center found a way to improve the quality and consistency of patient care from its medical professionals. Ohio State did created a system of rules of check lists to be used by hospital staff in their particular department and area of responsibility. So, there were many different checklists, but each employee only had one checklist that they were specifically responsible for.The University compared the outcome of over 3000 patients both before the check lists were used and then an additional 3000 plus patients after the checklists were used. The results were staggering. The study showed, for example, that the surgical death rate of patients decreased 47% when check lists were used compared to none used. Surgical contagion rates were found to have decreased by 45%. These are dramati c results that clearly show a huge improvement in patient care and reduction of risk and liability.A possible cause for such improvement is that using checklists prevented medical staff from skipping a stop that could have caused a serious complication or infection. The aviation industry has proven that checklists work. When a pilot has a fast engine failure there is plenty of room for panic and impulsive missed stairs. This is why pilots are trained to immediately pull out their check lists, even if they have them memorized, and go systematically down the list to make sure that all steps are completed as indicated.This embodying of check lists has proven to significantly improve survivability of the aircraft during an emergency. The use of check lists seems to hold true for the health care industry, too, as the data clearly shows. The HIM plays a critical role in the development and rollout of these check lists to the various departments. The HIM must involve the hospital staff, managers and physicians in the process of developing a check list that easily and safely covers the needs of both the patient and the hospital.Once developed the HIM must develop and take the time to train the staff so that they understand the intent of the check lists as well as the individual steps and why they are to be completed. This training will ensure that the employees buy into the use of the check lists and hold to use them consistently with every patient. Theoretically, this should provide the same process and the same desired outcomes each time. besides implementing the checklist program through training the HIM also plays an important role in developing a form _or_ system of government that says how the plan is to be implemented.Employees appreciate it when everything is clearly spelled out of what is expected of them. The HIM is in a position to deal with both the hospital administrator and the front line nurse who is physically caring for patients. This allows the HIM to obtain feedback and recommendations from all involved in the process and create or modify the plan as it is determined that changes need to take place. The HIM is possibly also in the best position to analyze the data to present the findings of the act analysis to administrators to determine if the check list process is working or not.An example of a checklist that Ohio State University Medical Center used was the Pre-Op holding RN checklist that ends with transfer to the operating room RN checklist. all(prenominal) nurse has specific duties to complete with their patient as they prepare them for their surgical procedure. The Pre-Op nurse can follow the check list to ensure that all required actions have indeed taken place. When transferring care to the operating room nurse the pre-op nurse passes on her check list to verify to the next nurse that everything has been completed properly.Each nurse is also required to ask the next receiving nurse if they have any questions. As you can see, this process really does maintain a high quality of continuity of care for the patients as they move throughout the various areas in the hospital during their stay. Cutting corners and skipping steps in the patient care process is significantly reduced if not completely eliminated and the HIM or HIT professional is involved all along in helping to create and improve the process within that hospital.This paper only discussed three scenarios in the process of seeking to maintain quality while reducing financial liability within a hospital environment. These processes can be used and applied towards the thousands of specific areas of responsibility that exist within a large health care facility like a hospital. The HIM professional really does play a crucial role in connecting the various departments and providers within a small or large healthcare institution.The HIM is in a position to know the pulse of the front line operations as well as the upper office administrat ions intended direction going forward. The HIM professional can pull everyone together to compile data and make recommendations or changes that benefit the patient, the physicians and nurses, the facilities operators and even the top level administrators. There are few other individuals who are in such a good position to create such positive change. Quality HIM professionals will be in demand for many years to come.

English Mamet Miller Essay Example for Free

English Mamet Miller EssayCrucial to the salient impact of any map piece of cake are the delights and slip aways of the characters, as well as the motivations which drive these entrances and run lows. In twain Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman and David Mamets Glengarry Glen Roos, glacial unconstipatedts and sequences of events are set in drive by the entrances of exits of the plays characters.The entrances and exits of the characters and, most importantly, the entrances and exits of the plays master(prenominal) characters, are keyed to the thematic impulses of the plays. In Death of a Salesman it is the very existence of an exit for Willie Loman that drives the plays message regarding classicism and the Ameri do-no affaire Dream. In Glengarry Glen Ross, the action of the play is framed almost entirely by the entrances and exits of the players on or off of an inactive set than from various set- deepens which set mood and pace. Millers Death of a Salesman offers one of the most famous and memorable exits of a plays important character in American theater. Mamets Glengarry Glen Ross offers dry and darkly comical entrances and exits by its principal(prenominal) character Shelly Levine. The most prominent impact of a characters entrances and exits on stage to an auditory modality is to signal to the hearing that the character or characters in question will either be apart from the ensuing action, or be initiated into it. For references the arrivals end exits of a plays main character are poignant and obvious symbols of a change in the direction of the plot, pace, and mood. Millers Death of a Salesman exemplifies how the entrance and exit of a plays main character can frame the entire action of a play. The plays first outstanding action, other than the revelation of the non-realistic and semitransparent set, is the entrance of Willie Loman who comes onstage carrying two large sample-cases. (Miller). The image of a man, past sixty, striding onto an unrealistic set with two suitcases transmits a considerable amount of information to the sense of hearing in a mavin dramatic communicate. Loman, merely by entering the stage, can be obviously determined to be a middle-aged man, lost in hazy memories of the past, facing an uncertain future, carrying a heavy load, and ready to travel. These qualities are precisely those which drive the plays dramatic plot and its foundations. The plot involves Willie Lomans battle to make a home and living world for his family, to find means in his existence, and to salvage dignity from an undignified station in life. The theme of the play, which deals with economic disparity and the detachment of the average working person, is clearly articulated purely by the image of Willie Lomans initial entrance onto the hazy, surrealistic set. Lomans exit, which closemoutheds the play, is similarly concise in dramatic impact and vision. Before making his famous exit to his witness death Loman turns to emphatic each(prenominal)y address the audience. He says, Theres all kinds of important people in the stands and the first thing you know. This direct appeal to the audience, spoken just before Lomans final exit from the stage, invites the audience to identify even to a greater extent deeply with Loman and his plight just prior to his death. The breaking of the invisible fourth wall (or at least the bending of it) invests Loman with humanity and realism, bringing the audience as close to him as he mayhap can, before throwing himself to his fate. (Miller) In this way, the dialogue spoken by characters as the enter or exit the stage can be rightly considered a part of the exit or entrance itself and is, in a well-made drama, keyed compositionally into the thematic purpose of the entrance or exit. When Loman speaks his last word to the audience Shhh the audience knows, even before his exit, that he is about to do something extremely important,. perhaps much dramatic and to a greater extent important than any action up to that point in the play. The dialogue is, itself, signaling twain his exit and the plays climax. Lomans physical exit from the stage is accompanied not only by spoken dialogue, but it is at a time followed by an off-stage cacophony which straightaway contradicts Lomans Shhh This abrupt slip-up, from a call to silence, to a roaring crash, which modulates to a single cello note, wraps the play together thematically as well as granting the complex plot a suitable denouement. The swift transformation from impelled silence to the off-stage crash takes the audience through and through a gigabyte dramatic arc in the space of a few moments and encapsulates the plays essential message about the sanctity of the individual. By framing the entirety of the play with Lomans exceedingly well-composed and envisioned entrance, Miller conveys the essence of his theme through two dramatic gestures, each of which incites the reader or audience to iden tify more closely and more intensely with Lomans plight and fate and in so doing, embrace to the same degree the plays thematic message. Mamets Glengarry Glen Ross offers a similar thematic impulse as Death of a Salesman, in that it explores the dissolution and degradation of a wee man in American society. However, Mamet, quite than opting for warm, empathetic audience identification, seeks to lead his audience to his thematic message by way of a study in ambition and moral ambiguity. Shelly Levine aspires to be a thief and a selfish and materialistic person. The impact of his selfishness and materialism is conveyed, often ironically, through his entrance rachis exits in the play. An example of this is in Act Two when Levine bursts onto the (ransacked) office-set with tremendous glee and confidence. He says go far the chalk. Get the chalkget the chalk I closed em I closedthe cocksucker. Get the chalk and put me on the board. Im dismissal to Hawaii Put me on the Cadillac board, Williamson Pick up the fuckin chalk. Eight units. Mountain View Meanwhile, it is clear to the audience by the mere fact of the office being in shambles, that Levines victorious tone is completely inappropriate. This is an ironic gesture, created by Mamet from the dissonance created by Levines up-beat entrance and the shambled state of the set he enters on. The irony generated in this gesture is central to the plays themes of selfish dissolution and culpability. Like Miller, Mamet incorporates important dialogue into the entrances and exits of the characters and, like Miller, he utilizes audience mind-set and the sudden change of the plays pace and mood to transmit important thematic information tot he audience. In this, both playwrights partake of musical composition where the various entrances and exists of melodic themes and passages indicate a shift in mood and thematic direction for the listener. Similarly, Aaronows exit into the side-office in the same scene discussed above in dicates a pending plot complication. His line We had a robbery. which comes just before he moves from the office-space to the inner-room indicates a shift in the plot. The line indicates that the motion of leaving the main office is somehow tied to the fact of the robbery. And at this point, the audience feels intensely, the ironic impact of Levines enthusiastic entrance earlier in the scene. The energy of the scene is tied directly to the plays themes and, in fact, encapsulates them for the audience. Levines initial excitement and dialogue are indicative of the ambition which drives him Aaronows line and subsequent stage-movement indicates both the moral ambiguity of Levines ambition and the potential repercussions for this naked ambition. Both Miller and Mamet decline to give their main characters entrances and exits of noble stature or consequence (as one might expect from a Shakespearean or Greek tragedy). Instead, the players entrances and exits are ironic, chaotic, elegiac, or fragmented. For miller the lack of grand entrances and exists invested with nobility symbolized the fragmentation and degradation of an individuals mind, body,m and spirit. For Mamet, the rather hectic and ominous entrances and exits of the characters in Glengarry Glen Ross symbolize the disorder and fragmentation of ultramodern society. As important to the dramatic impact of the play as dialogue or plot, the entrances and exits of a plays charters produce a dynamic race with the plays sets and situations. As noted above, Mamets construction of a pivotal scene in Act 2 is structure around an ironic entrance by the plays protagonist. Millers unforgettable climax is structured around the tragic exit of Willie Loman the plays Requiem in effect becoming an extension of this last exit, for it is the absence (the exit) of Loman which provides the impetus and motion of all that concludes beyond his leaving the stage. When Shelly Levine is guided meekly away in handcuffs by detectives a t the close of Glengarry Glen Ross, the audience is left with the impression of tragedy, but also with a sense of ironic justice. The meekness of Levine, in contrast to the ambition which has propelled him through the events of the play and given rise to the plays complications is reduced, at last, to helpless culpability. This resonance drives Mamets theme of social disintegration for it is not merely a moral failing on Levines part which incites the plays final, ironic tragedy, but the hopelessness of ambition and competition in an economically driven society, which values money everywhere human relationships or moral fortitude. By staking so much dramatic impact on the entrances and exits of their characters, both Miller and Mamet, create a sense of constant motion, excitement, change and energy, giving a sense of the fleetingness of an individuals existence. In effect the entrances and exits of Loman and Levine demonstrate the ineffectuality of the individual in an impersonal society, but they also compete to convey (usually by irony) a sense of the injustice which accompanies their characters ignoble entrances and exits. For Miler, the sanctity and nobility of the individual was more important even than death for Mamet the destruction of the individual through submission to material ambition was viewed as thoroughly corrupting, so much that his protagonist perceived victory only at the moment of his existing defeat. For Loman, some form of self-reclamation took place in his final, tragic exit form the stage for Levine, self-reclamation is left as an ambiguous and unlikely possibility. Both Death of a Salesman and Glengarry Glen Rooss depend on important entrances and exits by their main (and minor) characters to shape the flow and pace of the plays scenes, plots, and character development but also to transmit through gesture, word, and motion the thematic meaning, or message of the work. In each case, the use of dialogue, set-changes, and dramatic i rony accompany the entrances and exits of their characters as a method for inverting (or subverting)the traditional, flourished and noble entrances of classically tragic characters. Miller and Mamet each chose to articulate the story of little men. In keeping with these portrayals, they necessarily constructed entrances and exits for these characters and the characters the interacted with in order to present the theme of the individual in modern society, with a vie toward examining the moral implications of materialism, ambition, and classicism in American society. the entrances and exits of their characters proved to be crucial good elements for transmitting these important themes.